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Religion Final

Cumulative Test

QuestionAnswer
Scripture Writings that function as authoritative guidelines for beliefs and practices of a particular religious community.
Canon "Measuring stick", A fixed and binding list of authoritative texts that function as scripture for a particular religious community. It defines, limits, and organizes scripture.
Tanakh Mostly Hebrew, few in Aramaic. Describes pre-Israelite human history beginning at creation + Israelite history. Concerned God's relationship with the Israelites, the ancestors of the Jews. Includes the Torah, Nevi'im, Ketuvium, 24 books
Septuagint The ancient Greek translation of Jewish religious writings. Means "seventy", abbreviated LXX. Came together gradually, mostly finalized before Tanakh. Most early Christians used this as their version of OT bc they spoke Greek, not Hebrew/Aramaic.
Deauterocanoical books "belonging to a second canon". Term used by RomanCatholics to refer to books of their OT canon that are in the Septuagint not the Tanakh. Mostly Greek but Hebrew/Aramaic few. Contained Jewish history&religious life during centuries between OT&NT periods.
Apocryphal and Protestant Reformers During Protestant Reformation, leaders decided their OT canon should only include books that are in Tanakh. They refer to deuterocanonical books using Apocrypha or "hidden". Protestant bibles either omit these or print them in section separate from OT.
Books of the New Testament C. 50-125 CE, originally Greek, describes life, death and resurrection of Jesus of Nazareth and the activity of Jesus's earliest followers. 27 books - same for all major forms of Christiantiy
Formation of the New Testament Many other writings were produced that were not included. As Christianity grew more diverse, it became important to define canon of Christian scripture to guard against spread of teachings that did not agree with those of Jesus and his apostles.
Jewish 24 books (Tanakh)
Protestant 66 nooks (39 + 27 NT)
Roman Catholic 73 books (46 OT + 27 NT)
Greek Orthodox 76 books (49 OT + 27 NT)
Autograph Original manuscripts of biblical books that were written on papyrus or parchment scrolls. They were gradually replaced by codex because they multiple writings could then be grouped together.
Variant Readings The repeated copying of books of the Bible with mistakes and intentional alterations and such changes created discrepancies between manuscripts.
Textual Criticism Scholarly discipline that aims to reconstruct the earliest possible form of the text of the books of the Bible.
Masoretic Text (MT) Standardized form of text of Tanakh produced by Jewish scribes known as Majorettes. Oldest surviving complete manuscript of MT is Leningrad Codex, this one manuscript is the foundation of most modern OT translation.
Plenary (Verbal) Inspiration The Bible (at least in original autographs) is completely free from all error and contains the precise words that God wished the writers to use.
Created by: jae_moore
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