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Physical Agents
Hydrotherapy (PTA)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| upward force on the body when immersed in water = to amt. of water displaced by the body | Buoyancy |
| the body's ability to float in water is due to... | the body's specific gravity is less than the specific gravity of water |
| water exerts pressure that is perpendicular to the body & increases in proportion with the depth of immersion | Hydrostatic Pressure |
| Water molecules tend to attract to each other----providing.... | Resistance |
| Resistance by water increases in proportion to... | speed of motion |
| Specific Gravity of Water | 1 |
| Specific Gravity of a Human | ~.974 (<1) |
| measure of the ability of a fluid to store heat | Specific Heat |
| Water can store ____ x the heat as compared to air. | 4 |
| Water's thermal conductivity is approx. _____x faster than air at the same temperature | 25 |
| hydromechanic force exerted on a person submerged in water that normally oppresses the direction of the body's motion | Total Drag Force |
| Formula to convert Fahrenheit to Celsius: | (°F - 32) x 5/9 = °C |
| Formula to convert Celsius to Fahrenheit | (°C × 9/5) + 32 = °F |
| Water Temperature Guideline for acute inflammation of distal extremities | 32-79 °F |
| Water Temperature guideline for exercise | 79-92 °F |
| Water Temperature guideline for Wound care, spasticity | 92-96 °F |
| Water Temperature guideline for Cardiopulmonary compromise, treatment of burns | 96-98 °F |
| Water temperature guidelines for pain management | 99-104 °F |
| Water temperature guidelines for Chronic rheumatoid or osteoarthritis, increased ROM | 104-110 °F |
| Hydrotherapy tank that is 10-45 gallons | Extremity Tank |
| Hydrotherapy tank that is 90-105 gallons | Lowboy Tank |
| Hydrotherapy tank that is 60-105 gallons | Highboy Tank |
| Hydrotherapy tank that is 425 gallons | Hubbard Tank |
| Hydrotherapy tank used for the distal upper or lower extremity | Extremity Tank |
| Hydrotherapy tanks used for larger parts of the extremities | Lowboy & Highboy Tank |
| Hydrotherapy tank that allows for long sitting with water up to the midthoracic level | Lowboy Tank |
| Hydrotherapy tank that allows for sitting in chest-high water with hips & knees flexed | Highboy Tank |
| Hydrotherapy tank used for full body immersion | Hubbard Tank |
| Contraindications to full body immersion | -unstable BP -incontinence |
| Treatment time in hubbard tank | 10-20 minutes |
| Hubbard tank temperature should not exceed... | 100°F |
| A Therapeutic pool should range in temperature from... | 79-98 °F |
| Therapeutic effects of Hydrotherapy | increase blood flow & core temperature, relaxation, pain relief, vasodilation, decrease abnormal tone, wound debridement |
| Indications for Hydrotherapy | burn care, superficial heating/cooling, edema, muscle strain, arthritis, desensitization of residual limb with contrast bath, pain management, wound care, decreased ROM, pool therapy/exercise, sprain, joint stiffness, muscle spasm/spasticity |
| Contraindications for Hydrotherapy | Peripheral vascular disease, gangrene, severe infection, urinary/fecal incontinence, advanced cardiovascular or pulmonary disease, Buerger's disease with contrast bath, impaired circulation, renal infection, bleeding surface area, diminished sensation |
| Whirlpool treatment time | 10-30 min. |
| Form of hydrotherapy that uses alternating heat & cold | Contrast Bath |
| Purpose of contrast bath | to decrease edema in a distal extremity |
| Contrast Bath treatment time | initially, 3-4 min....then 1 min....then repeat for 20-30 min. |
| How contrast bath works | (theory) alternating vasodilation & vasoconstriction stimulates local & systemic circulation. |
| Advantages of contrast bath | good contact over irregularly shapes areas, allows for movement during treatment, assists with pain management |
| DISadvantages of contrast bath | potential intolerance to cold, dependent positioning, lack of credible research |
| Contrast baths are utilized primarily with... | arthritis of smaller joints, musculoskel. sprains & strains, RSD, to desensitize residual limb |
| For contrast bath, begin with... (hot or cold?) | hot |
Created by:
s1234
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