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Traditional Logic

Flashcards

QuestionAnswer
What is Logic? Logic is the science of right thinking.
A statement of fact is called by what two terms? True or False
An argument is called by what two terms? Valid or Invalid
What term do we use to say an argument is logical? Validity
What do we call a statement that has both true premises and is valid? Sound
What is truth? the correspondence of a statement to reality
What is validity? when a conclusion follows logically from it's premises
What is Simple Apprehension? Simple apprehension occurs when we first form the a concept of something in our mind without affirming or denying anything about it.
What it the Verbal expression of Simple Apprehension? term
What is Judgement? Judgment is when we affirm or deny something about something.
What is the verbal expression of Judgment? proposition
What is Deuctive Inference? Deductive inference is when we amke the logical conections in our mind between the terms in an argument in a way that shows us that the conclusion either does or does not follow from the premises.
What is the verbal expression of Dective Inference? syllogism
What is concept? Concept is when you understand the essence of a thing.
What is abstraction? Abstraction is is the process by which a simple apprehension is derived from sense perception.
What are the two properties of simple apprehension? The two properties of simple apprehension are comprehension ans extension.
What is comprehension? Comprehension is the completly articulated sum of the intelligible aspects, or elements represented by a concept.
What does rational mean? Rational means the ability to distinguish true from false.
What is extension? Extension tells us the things to which and essence applies.
What is comprehension? Comprehension tells us the essence of the thing.
What is signification? Signification is the division of terms into univocal, equivocal, and analogous terms.
What are the two properties of term? The two properties of term are sinification and supposition.
What is supposition? Supposition is the division of terms as verbal, mental, or real.
What is abstraction? Abstraction is is the process by which a simple apprehension is derived from sense perception.
What are the two properties of simple apprehension? The two properties of simple apprehension are comprehension ans extension.
What is comprehension? Comprehension is the completly articulated sum of the intelligible aspects, or elements represented by a concept.
What does rational mean? Rational means the ability to distinguish true from false.
What is extension? Extension tells us the things to which and essence applies.
What is comprehension? Comprehension tells us the essence of the thing.
What is signification? Signification is the division of terms into univocal, equivocal, and analogous terms.
What are the two properties of term? The two properties of term are sinification and supposition.
What is supposition? Supposition is the division of terms as verbal, mental, or real.
What are the four basic catagorical propositions? The four basic catagorical propositions are affirmative, negative, universal, and particular.
What are the four relationships that propositions can have to each other? The two relationships that propositions can have to one and other are Contrary, Conradictory, subcontrary and subalternate.
What is the Rule of Contradiciton? The first rule of contradiciton is: Contradictory statementsa re statements that differ in both quality and quantity.
What is the First Law of Opposition? Contradictories cannot both at the same time be true nor at the sam etime be false.
What is the Rule of Contraries? Two statements that are contrary to one and other if they are both universal but differ in quality.
What is the Second Law of Opposition? Contraries cannot at the same time be true but can at the same time be false.
What is the rule of subcontraries? Two statements are subcontrary if they are both particular statements that differ in quality.
What is the Third Law of Opposition? Subcontraries may at the same time be true, but cannot at the same time be false.
What is the rule of Subalternation? Two statements are subalternate if they have the same quality, but differ in quantity.
Created by: Caren Make
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