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OPT Viral
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| human herpes virus | family of 8 viruses causing a myriad of diseases |
| primary herpes simplex | in previously unexposed individuals after 3-9 days post-exposure |
| acute herpetic gingivostomatitis | most common form of primary herpes simplex; fever, crops of oral vesicles that coalesce and painful, enlarged marginal gingiva |
| herpes viral cytopathic effect | nuclear swelling, margination of chromatin, and fusion of cells forming multi-nucleated giant cells |
| recurrent herpes simplex | the herpes virus after it has been transported to sensory ganglia and remains latent unless reactivated |
| herpes labialis | recurrent herpes simplex at vermillion border aka {cold sore/fever blister} |
| recurrent herpes simplex virus | lesions limited to keratinized mucosa bound to bone (distinguishes from apthous ulcers) |
| herpetic whitlow | herpes simplex infections on fingers and thumbs |
| varicella (chickenpox) | caused by {Varicella zoster virus}; primary infection is {chicken pox} and recurrent infection is {herpes zoster/shingles} |
| Varivax | universal vaccine for VZV |
| breakthrough infection | outbreak of chickenpox or shingles in immunized patients; most cases today are of this type |
| VariZIG | vaccine for infants and immunocompromised for VZV |
| MMR-Proquad | vaccine for VZV, measles, mumps, rubella |
| herpes zoster | virus that travels up sensory nerve to dorsal spinal ganglia that can be reactivated to secondary infection |
| acute phase of herpes zoster | phase of herpes zoster that follows prodrome; skin rash of vesicles that stop at the midline |
| Ramsay Hunt Syndrome | reactivation of VZV in geniculate ganglion; ear problems, facial paralysis like Bell's palsy and vertigo |
| post-herpetic neuralgia | chronic phase of herpes zoster, pain that persists in area of the skin rash |
| granulomatous angiitis | ischemic stroke syndrome from inflammation of internal carotid artery; associated with herpes zoster |
| Zostavax | vaccine for people 50+ for VZV |
| infectious mononucleosis | caused by {Epstein-Barr virus}; causes fatigue, lymphadenopathy, NUG |
| mono-spot assay and Paul Bunnell test | tests for heterophile antibodies to EBV |
| cytomegalovirus (CMV) | usually asymptomatic but has symptoms like mononucleosis in immunocompromised |
| herpangina | caused by Coxsackie virus A; flu-like symptoms and palatal macules |
| hand-foot-and-mouth disease | mostly caused by Coxsackie A16; oral lesions appear first then rupture to form ulcers |
| acute lymphonodular pharyngitis | yellow/pink lymphoid aggregates on palate and tonsils |
| measles (rubeola) | highly contagious infection caused by {Paramyxovirus} family; coryza, conjunctivitis, and cough |
| Koplik's spots | oral lesions that develop before the skin rash of measles; blue/white macules on mucosa |
| Rubella (German measles) | mild form of measles caused by members of {Togavirus} |
| congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) | occurs in fetuses exposed to rebella first 12 weeks; deafness, heart disease, and cataracts |
| mumps (epidemic parotitis) | caused by members of {Paramyxovirus} affecting the parotid glands |
| cART (combined antiretroviral therapy) | drug regimen for HIV/AIDS; has greatly reduced mortality |
| acute retroviral syndrome | after initial exposure to HIV, self-limited illness with mono symptoms |
| AIDS-related complex (ARC) | before full-blown AIDS; lymphadenopathy, fever, weight loss, hairy leukoplakia |
| candidiasis | most common oral manifestation of HIV |
| oral hairy leukoplakia | white mucosal plaque that does not rub off on lateral borders of tongue; associate with EBV |
| morsicatio | frictional hyperkeratosis from chronic oral trauma |
| Kaposi's sarcoma | multifocal vascular neoplasm caused by HHV-8; defines AIDS in HIV patients |
| bacillary angiomatosis | mimics Kaposi's sarcoma, associated with cat scratch disease |
| persistent generalized lymphadenopathy (PGL) | enlarged lymph nodes present for longer than 3 months and over 2 sites outside of inguinal region |
| non-Hodgkin's lymphoma | most common malignancy in HIV patients; aggressive B-cell lymphoma |
| HIV-associated periodontal disease | includes NUG, NUP and linear gingival erythema (an unusual candida infection) |
Created by:
aharnold
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