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PSYCH 4 - T.25-49
Terms 25-49, [PSYCH]
Term | Definition |
---|---|
ESP | Perception occurring apart from sensory input (incl. telepathy, clairvoyance, and precognition) |
Psychokinesis | Mental concentration influencing mechanically generated outcomes |
Precognition | Perception + prediction of future events |
Telepathy | Extrasensory transmission of thoughts from one mind to another |
Clairvoyance | Extrasensory perception of events occurring at places remote to the perceiver |
Wavelength | Distance from the peaks of light/sound waves |
Hue | Dimension of colour determined by a light's wavelengths |
Intensity | Energy in a light/sound wave determined by amplitude. Perceived as brightness/loudness |
Pupil | Black adjustable opening of the eye. Dilation allows light to enter + reach the retina's periphery |
Iris | Ring of muscle tissue forming the coloured part of the eye. Controls the size of the pupil's opening |
Lens | Transparent structure behind the pupil. Curvature + thickness change to help focus images on the retina (accommodation) |
Retina | Light sensitive surface of the eye. Contains receptor rods, cones, and neuron layers for processing visual info |
Rods | Retinal receptor cells detecting black, white, and grey. Necessary for peripheral + twilight vision when cones don't respond. Most light sensitive in dim areas |
Cones | Retinal receptor cells concentrated near the retina's center. Functions in daylight. Detects fine detail + gives rise to colour sensations |
Fovea | Central focus point in retina around cones. Responsible for visual acuity (sharp central vision) |
Optic Nerve | Nerve carrying neural impulses from eye to brain. Ganglion cell axons converge to form this nerve |
Blindspot | Point where optic nerve leaves eye |
Feature Detectors | Nerve cells responding to specific stimulus (e.g. shape, angle, movements) Located in the occipital lobe. Passes info to supercell clusters |
Supercell Clusters | Team of cells firing in response to complex patterns (e.g. face) |
Prosopagnosia | Face blindness; usually due to brain damage |
Parallel Processing | Processing many aspects of a problem quickly to recognize familiar objects. Natural mode of info processing. Contrasts w/ step-by-step (serial) processing |
Blindsight | Ability for the cortically blind to respond to visual stimuli they cannot see (e.g. cannot see matchsticks but can report if they are vertical or horizontal) |
Young-Helmholtz (Trichromatic) Theory | Retina contains 3 diff colour receptors (red,blue,green) which combine to produce diff. colour perceptions |
Opponent Process Theory | Opposing retinal processes enable colour vision (red-green, yellow-blue, white-black). Opponent processal cells are located in the thalamus. (e.g. red square + white wall = green) |
Gestalt | Organized whole. Our tendency to integrate pieces of info into a meaningful whole. "The whole may exceed the sum of its parts" |