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OBI Drugs Exam 1
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| pilocarpine | direct acting cholinomimetic; treats glaucoma and xerostomia |
| cevimeline | specific M1 & M3 receptor agonist; treats xerostomia |
| physostigmine | AChE inhibitor; treats glaucoma and induces bladder tone |
| neostigmine | AChE inhibitor; treats myasthenia gravis |
| organophosphates nerve gas | irreversible AChE inhibitor; causes sweating, wheezing, blurred vision -opposed by atropine and scopolamine |
| ecothiophate | irreversible AChE inhibitor; treats glaucoma and causes miosis |
| atropine | competitive antagonist of M receptors; treats mushroom/gas poisoning, increases SNS effects |
| scopolamine | M receptor antagonist; sedative, motion sickness and antisialogogue |
| glycopyrrolate | M receptor antagonist; antisialogogue |
| nicotine | blocks nicotinic receptors; causes arousal and attention |
| succinylcholine | depolarizing agonist at NMJ; adjuvant to anesthesia, improves recovery time with twitches |
| pancuronium | non-depolarizing antagonist at NMJ; blocks Ach to relax muscles -opposed by neostigmine |
| Botox | cleaves SNARE proteins to block ACh release; muscle paralysis |
| dantrolene | ryanodine receptor antagonist, blocks Ca; decreases contractility with muscle relaxants |
| cyclobenzaprine and methocarbamol | central-acting muscle relaxant, increases GABA; increases inhibitory tone in reflex arc, decreasing pain |
| tizanidine | alpha 2 agonist; decreases release of excitatory neurotransmitter |
| diphenhydramine, promethazine, hydroxyzine | H1 antagonist, cross BBB; allergy symptoms -causes dry mouth |
| loratidine | H1 antagonist, no CNS effects; antiallergic |
| omeprazole | prodrug, irreversible inhibitor of H/K pump; treats PUD and gastritis |
| cimetidine | reversible H2 antagonist; inhibits gastric acid production -CYP450 inhibitor |
| ranitidine | reversible H2 antagonist; inhibits gastric acid with fewer side effects |
| 5-aminosalicylic acid (sulfasalazine) | prodrug; inhibits inflammatory mediators; treats UC and Crohn's |
| epinephrine | complete agonist of adrenergic receptors; vasoconstriction in LA and treat anaphylaxis |
| albuterol | beta 2 agonist, direct acting; causes bronchodilation in asthmatics and COPD -xerostomia |
| pseudoephedrine | alpha 1 agonist, direct acting; for nasal congestion (caution with epic) |
| cocaine | indirect alpha 1 agonist: blocks NET, DAT and SERT at adrenergic synapse; causes euphoria, vasoconstriction and local anesthesia |
| Adderall, methylphenidate, methamphetamine | indirect alpha 1 agonists: blocks NET and its storage, DAT and SERT; for narcolepsy, ADHD |
| propranolol | non-selective competitive beta 1 and 2 antagonist; for hypertension, IHD and MI |
| metoprolol | selective beta 1 antagonist; for hypertension and heart failure |
| carvedilol | selective beta and alpha antagonist; hypertension and heart failure |
| terazosin | selective alpha 1 antagonist; treats hypertension and BPH (caution: orthostatic hypotension) |
| tamsulosin | selective alpha 1 antagonist; treats BPH |
| phentolamine | nonselective alpha 1 antagonist; reversal of anesthetic |
| clonidine | alpha 2 receptor agonist; decrease sympathetic response to manage chronic pain, hypertension and ADHD |
Created by:
aharnold
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