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Nature of Science
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Descriptive Investigation | "I" do NOT change variables. I am merely recording observations. Example: Determining the number of cookies students buy at lunch. |
| Comparative Investigation | There are 2 or more different conditions and "I" do NOT change the condition. Example: Comparing the number of cookies bought versus the number of apples bought at lunch. |
| Experimental Investigation | There are 2 or more different conditions and "I" DO change the condition. Example: Determining if eating a cookie at lunch or not has an effect on the probability of getting a detention after lunch. |
| Observations | process of obtaining information by using the senses |
| Independent Variable (Manipulated) | It is what "I" change in an experiment |
| Dependent Variable (Responding) | something measured during an experiment to determine if there was a change. (responding to the new independent variable) Example: If you eat a cookie at lunch, you have a 25% greater chance of earning a detention. # of detentions is the DV |
| Constant (Controlled Variable) | something that is not changed throughout an experiment |
| Experimental Group | the group in an experiment that receives the changed variable being tested |
| Control Group | group in an experiment or study that does not receive new changed variable. All further experiments are compared to the control group. |
| Hypothesis | testable idea that leads to a scientific investigation. It is an "If, then" statement |
| Conclusion | a decision reached after an investigation. Answers if the hypothesis was "correct" |
| Trials | the numerous, repetitive times an experiment is completed. The more trials there are, the more accurate the results should be |
| Theory | A question that has already undergone extensive testing by various scientists and is generally accepted as being the explanation of an observation. |
| Law | Is a statement based on repeated experimental observations that describe some aspects of the universe and always applies under the same conditions. |
| Model | A description (it can be material, visual, mathematical or computational) of an object or phenomenon that shares important characteristic with the object or phenomenon. |
| Qualitative | data is not numerical, is observed using the 5 senses and describes the observation |
| Quantitative | data can be measured numerically and can be analyzed statistically |
| Inference | An educated guess on why something is happening or what may occur next |
Created by:
mvanderb
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