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Constitution #2
Mr. D's "The Constitution and Responsibilites of a Citizenship"
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the "federal system"? | Federalism is the divisionof power (or the sharing of power) between the state governments and the national or federal government |
| What does "impeach" mean? | To accuse a government official of wrongdoing or to bring a charge of wrongdoing. The House of Representatives has this power and the Senate is where the official is tried. If guilty, the person can be romoved from office |
| What does "veto" mean? | To reject. The President can veto a bill passed by Congress. However, Congress can still "override" the President's veto with a 2/3 vote and make the bill a law. |
| What is an "executive order"? | It is a Presidential command that has the power of law. President Obama issued an executive order when he closed the Guantanamo Bay Prison in Cuba. |
| What is a "pardon"? | A pardon is excusing a person or a group of people from a crime. The President has this power. |
| What is a "delegated power"? | It is a power given to the national government in the Constitution. Declaring war is an example. |
| What is a "reserved power"? | These are powers belonging to the state governments. Education is an example. |
| What is a "concurrent power"? | These are powers belonging to both the national and state governments. Taxing is an example. |
| How is the power divided between the state and national governments? | The national government is given power over anyting involving more than one state. States have powers over anything that only occurs within their border and impact no other states. |
| Why is there a "separation of powers" in our Constitution? | The founding fathers wanted to make sure that no person or a small group of people got too much power. They did this by setting up the three branches of government and giving them specific powers. |
| What are some of the powers given to the legislative branch (Congress)in the Constitution? | Make the laws; approve Presidential appointments; approve treaties; appropriate money; declare war |
| What are some of the powers granted to the executive branch (President) in the Constitution? | Propose laws; enforce the laws; command arm forces; appoint ambassadors & other officials; conduct foreign policy; make treaties |
| What are the powers granted to the judicial branch (Supreme Court) in the Constitution? | Interpret the Constitution and other laws; review lower-court decisions |
| What is the minimum age requirement to be elected to the House of Representatives? | You must be at least 25 years old |
| How many years must a person have been a U.S. citizen before they are eligible to be elected to the House of Representatives? | At least seven years |
| What is the elected term of office for a member of the House of Representatives? | Two years |
| What determines a state's representation in the House of Representatives? | Population- a "census" or population count is taken every ten years in the zero years. 2010 is the next census |
| How many members are currently in the House of Representatives? | 435 |
| What is the minimum age requirement to be elected to the Senate? | You must be at least 30 years old |
| How many years must a person be a U.S. citizen to be elected to the U.S. Senate? | You must have been a citizen for at least nine years. |
| What is a Senator's term of office? | Senators are elected for six-year terms. |
| How many Senators are there for each state? | Two |
| How many Senators are there in the current U.S. Senate? | 100 (Two per state) |
| What is the "Elastic Clause"? | The "Elastic Clause" is the "Necessary and Proper Clause in Article I, Section 8, clause 18. It enables the government to stretch its powers to achieve the goals of the Constitution. Ex. "the draft" during a time of war |
| What is the minimum age requirement for the President of the United States? | A person must be at least 35 years of age to be the President. |
| What is the citizenship requirement for being the President of the United States? | A person must have been born a U.S. citizen |
| How long is the term of office for an elected President? | Presidents are elected for four-year terms |
| What is the two-step process to be a judge in the federal cour system? | The President appoint the candidates to be a judge and the Senate must approve them. |
| How long is the term of office for a federal judge? | Life |
| What are the three levels of the federal court system? | District Court (lowest level), Court of Appeals (middle level), Supreme Court (Highest level, final appeals court) |
| What is the principle of "checks and balances"? | It is the system built into the Constitution that prevents any branch from gaining too much power. |
| How can the legislative branch (Congress) check the power of the executive branch (President)? | Can reject Presidential appointments; can reject treaties; may withhold funding for Presidential iniatives; may impeach the President; may overrride a veto by a 2/3 margin |
| How can the legislative branch (Congress) check the power of the judicial branch? | May propose Constitutional amendments; may impeach federal judges |
| How can the judicial branch (Supreme Court) check the power of the executive branch (President) | May declare executive actions unconstitutional |
| How can the judicial branch (Supreme Court) check the power of the legislative branch (Congress)? | May declare laws unconstitutional |
| What is the "Preamble" of the Constitution? | It is the opening statement or the introduction of the Constitution. It states the six goals of the Constitution. |
| What are the six goals of the Constitution? | form a more perfect union; establish justice; insure domestic tranquility; provide for the common defense; promote the general welfare; secure the blessings of liberty |
| What are the five principles of the Constitution? | Popular sovereignty; Limited government power; Federalism; Separation of Power; Checks and Balances |
| What is "majority rule"? | The idea that the greatest number of people in a society can make policies for everyone |
| What is a "petition"? | the right to make a request of the government |
| What is a "search warrant"? | an order that gives authorities the right to search someone's porperty |
| What is "due process"? | The law must be applied fairly |
| Wnat does "indict" mean? | to formally accuse |
| What does "double jeopardy" mean? | If you are found not guilty you cannot be tried again for the same crime |
| What is "eminent domain"? | It is the power to take personal property for the public benefit |
| What is the Bill of rights? | The first ten amendments to the Constitution and a list of individual freedoms |
| What is the two-step process to amend the Constitution? | 1. Proposed- by 2/3 of Congress or 2/3 of a national convention vote requested by Congress; 2. Approval- 3/4 of the state legislatures or 3/4 state conventions |
| What is a "naturalized citizen"? | Foreign-born people whose parents are not citizens but have passed the citizenship requirements |
| What does the term "deport" mean? | the government's right to return a person to their country of origin for breaking a law |
| What does the term "draft" mean? | required military service |
| What is a "political action committee" (PAC)? | a group that collects money for candidates who support certain issues |
| What is an "interest group"? | A group of people who share a common desire that motivates them to take political action |
| What are three ways a person can become a U.S. citizen? | 1. Born in United States or a U.S. territory; 2. Born to a parent that is a U.S. citizen; 3. become a naturalized citizen |
| What are three duties expected of U.S. citizens? | pay taxes, obey laws, register for military draft, serve on juries, and vote |
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rdewald
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