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Personality Ch. 5
Social and Cultural Psychoanalysis (Horney) Ryckman 10e
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| actual self | The self as it is at the moment, including all of the person's actual strengths and weaknesses. |
| aggressive types | Neurotic individuals who protect themselves against feelings of insecurity by exploiting others in order to feel superior. |
| arbitrary rightness | A protective device in which people are convinced that they are invariably correct in all their judgments. |
| basic anxiety | the painful psychological stat in which a person feels isolated and helpless in a potentially hostile world. |
| basic conflict | Turmoil created within neurotics bc the 3 trends are incompatible. As the person indiscriminately pursues the predominant trend & fulfillment of the needs associated with it, is unable to satisfy the needs associated with the 2 trends that are repressed |
| blind spots | Defense mechanism in which painful experiences are denied or ignored because they are at variance with the idealized self. |
| compartmentalization | Defense mechanism by which neurotics alleviate tensions by separating beliefs and actions within themselves. |
| competition avoidance | Need by individuals to check their ruthless competitive ambition because of excessive fear of losing the affection and approval of others. The repressed intense competitive feelings continue to operate on an unconscious level. |
| compliant types | Neurotic individuals who cope with feelings of basic anxiety by indiscriminately seeking the approval and affection of others through excessive conformity. |
| cynicism | Defense mechanism in which the person claims to believe in nothing so that he or she cannot be hurt or disappointed by others |
| detached types | Neurotic individuals who protect themselves by continual avoidance of others. |
| elusiveness | Defense mechanism whereby a person reuses to take a position on anything so that he or she can never be proven wrong and criticized or ridiculed by others. |
| excessive self-control | Defense mechanism whereby a person exercises willpower, consciously or unconsciously, to keep emotional impulses under control. |
| externalization | Defense mechanism whereby a person experiences inner emotions externally and blames others for his or her own weaknesses and failings. |
| female masochism | For Feud, a perversion in which women experience a blending of pleasure and pain during certain activities and fantasies. He believed that male masochism occurred only in males with feminine (passive) natures. |
| humanistic view of development | An optimistic view of development that sees each person as having intrinsic and unique potential for constructive growth. |
| hypercompetitiveness | An attitude in which a person is driven to attain personal success at any cost. |
| idealized image | Fantasies of neurotic individuals in which they visualize themselves as perfect beings. |
| idealized self | The defensive identification of neurotics with their idealized images. |
| moving against people | A major neurotic trend that seeks to control basic anxiety through domination and exploitation of others. |
| moving away from people | A major neurotic trend that protects the person against basic anxiety by utter detachment and extreme self-sufficiency. |
| moving toward people | A major neurotic trend that protects the person against basic anxiety by self-effacement and obliteration. |
| personal development competitiveness | An attitude in which the primary focus is not on the outcome but on the enjoyment and mastery of the task. |
| penis envy | Horney's view, essentially a sociocultural phenomenon in which women are indoctrinated to see themselves as inferior. As a result, they unconsciously strive to emulate masculine goals & values. |
| personal development competitor | Healthy competitor characterized by wanting to win, but not at all costs. Such a person is oriented primarily toward self-improvement and task mastery and sees his opponents as helping him to attain these goals. |
| primary psychopathy | Disorder characterized by aggressiveness, callousness, and lack of remorse for transgressions. |
| rational emotive behavior therapy | A cognitive-restructuring therapy in which the faulty beliefs of neurotics that lead to emotional disturbance are identified, challenged, and then replaced with more constructive, rational ways of thinking and behaving. |
| rationalization | A defense in which people ward off anxiety by offering plausible, but inaccurate, excesses for their conduct. |
| real self | The unique set of potentials for constructive growth with each person. |
| secondary psychopathy | Disorder characterized by excessive guilt and by a lack of clarity about life goals. |
| self-handicapping | Giving plausible excuses for poor performance in order to protect the individual's self esteem. (I failed that test because my friends forced me to go out partying with them the night before the test.) |
| tyranny of the shoulds | Concept used by Horney to describe the moral imperatives that relentlessly drive neurotic to accept nothing less than perfection form themselves. |
Created by:
DavisWSU
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