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Fossil Eval
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What does it mean for a species to become extinct? | A species becomes extinct when the final member of the species dies and there are no surviving offspring |
| What could cause extinction? | Environmental change Loss of food source Disease Etc. |
| What is a fossil? | A fossil is the preserved remains of a species that lived in the past |
| Give three examples of things that could become fossilized. | A footprint A piece of bone A tooth |
| How do fossils help scientists collect evidence that evolution has occurred? | Fossils allow paleontologists to understand when former species lived as well as make observations and inferences about the way they lived. |
| What type of scientist studies these fossils? | Scientists that study fossils are known as paleontologists |
| What types of life are the oldest on Earth? Single-celled or multi-celled? | Single-celled organisms are the oldest forms of life on the planet. |
| What does “diversity of species mean? | Diversity of species means there are many different kinds of organisms |
| What is natural selection? | The process whereby organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring. |
| How long does this process usually take? | The process usually takes thousands of generations to see an effect |
| What is an observation? | OBSERVATION: The act of viewing or noting something with one of the senses (see, hear, smell, taste or touch) It is a fact EX. The footprint has 3 toes |
| What is an inference? | INFERENCE: A proposed conclusion based on an observation It does not always have to be correct EX. After looking at fossilized footprints you decide the organism had started to run |
| TRUE or FALSE: Humans have had no impact on the evolution of other species. | FALSE: Humans impact the evolution of other species in many ways Hunting Habitat Destruction Pollution |
| What is genetic variation? | Genetic variation is differences that are caused by an organism’s genes Variation is usually caused by a MUTATION in the organism’s DNA |
| What causes this variation and how does that lead to natural selection? | This variation allows certain individuals to be better suited for their environment and have a higher chance at reproducing and passing their genes to their offspring. Ex. The beige worms were easier to see so they got eaten in Activity 91 |
| What is a mutation? | A mutation is any change in an organism’s DNA Typically these mutations occur during the fertilization Ex. A hornless cow gives birth to a cow with horns |
| How do mutations affect an individual? | Some mutations are beneficial and lead to organisms having a greater chance at reproduction EX. 4 tined beak Some are harmful and do not help an organism Ex. genetic disorder Some have no effect on the organisms Ex. different color coat on a dog |
| What is the difference between an acquired and inherited trait? | Acquired Traits: Traits that an individual gains during the course of their life that are not genetic Inherited Traits: Traits that are determined by an individual’s genetic makeup and are determined during fertilization |
| Which type of trait gets passed to offspring? | Genetic Traits are passed to offspring during sexual reproduction |
| If two species have DNA that is very similar they are (MORE or LESS) closely related | If two species have very similar DNA they are MORE closely related than individuals with DNA that is not similar. This means they shared a common ancestor relatively recently |
| Describe bacterial resistance using natural selection. | When bacteria are resistant to a certain antibiotic, they reproduce with their offspring having the same resistance |
Created by:
JayDubs777
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