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6th science final 16
Texas science final for sixth grade 2016
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is potential energy? | Stored energy |
| Name the kinds of potential energy | Gravitational Elastic Chemical |
| What is gravitational potential energy? | Energy generated by an object's mass and its height off the ground. |
| What is kinetic energy? | Energy of motion |
| Compare and contrast potential and kinetic energy..... | |
| identify and describe the changes in position, direction, and speed of an object when acted upon by unbalanced force | |
| Balanced force | Forces that are opposite in direction and equal in size. They do not cause change. |
| Unbalanced force | Forces that are opposite in direction but unequal in size, and do cause a change in direction. |
| Force | Push or pull |
| What is the measurement for a force? | Newton |
| What is a vector? | Arrow showing the direction of a force |
| How do you calculate speed? | speed is distance divided by time |
| Speed | distance traveled over unit time |
| Unit for speed | Meters/second |
| How does speed apply to events? | Speed is a measurement of a single event, average speed is an average of multiple events |
| What are the axes of a speed graph? | X ix time Y is distance |
| How does an inclined plane change the amount of force needed to move an object? | What you gain on the distance, you lose on the force. |
| How does a pulley change the amount of force needed to move an object? | It changes the direction of the force, making it easier to lift things. |
| How is mechanical advantage calculated? | Resistance force divided by effort force |
| Other than with experimentation, how can the mechanical advantage of a pulley be found? | By counting the number of supporting ropes. |
| Tell me about the sun | mostly composed of hydrogen that changes to helium during nuclear fusion. It is located close to the inner rim of Orion’s arm in the Milky Way Galaxy. takes 225-250 million years to complete one orbit |
| Meteors | astronomical bodies most likely source is the asteroid belt between Jupiter and Mars. |
| Comets | astronomical bodies are frozen chunks of gases and rock and dust debris and a frozen nucleus or rocky core. |
| Asteroids | astronomical bodies are thought to be the result of the Big Bang; they become elliptical and/or oddly shaped rocky bodies due to collisions with one another. |
| Isaac Newton | Issac Newton was a 17th century English physicist who developed three laws of motion and the law of universal gravitation. |
| Laws of motion and law of universal gravitation | these laws explain motions we observe on Earth and of planets, stars, galaxies, and other celestial bodies. for figures standing on Earth, gravity attracts them towards the center of the Earth. The Sun’s gravity keeps the Earth orbiting the Sun. |
| Describe how gravity keeps the moon orbiting the earth | Because of the force of the attraction of the planet to the moon, the moon’s straight-line fall is pulled into a curve. The moon revolves around the Earth because of the continuous pull of gravity. |
| Talk about how gravity affects a person on earth, the moon and the sun | For the figures standing on the Earth's surface, gravity attracts them towards the center of the Earth. The Sun’s gravity keeps the Earth orbiting. The moon revolves around the Earth because of the continuous pull of gravity towards its center. |
| Space station | The Space Station was directed to be built in 1984 and took the cooperative work of many countries to complete. |
| Space shuttle | The Space Shuttle had its first launch in 1981 and its last in 2011. It had a total of 135 launches before its fleet was retired. |
| Space probe | The Space Probe gave us our first view of Earth from Space. Examples of space probes: Sputnik 1 in 1957, the Explorer 1 in 1958 and the Mariner 4 in 1965 |
| Examples of space probes | Examples of space probes: Sputnik 1 in 1957, the Explorer 1 in 1958 and the Mariner 4 in 1965. |
| The rocket | facilitated the creation of the first engine that has launched us into space. |
| Warner von Braun | Warner Von Braun was an aerospace engineer and space architect is credited with the development of the German V-2 Rocket and the Saturn V rocket for the United States. He is known as the “Father of Rocket Science”. |
| Name the layers of the earth from inside to outside | inner core, outer core, mantle, crust, asthenosphere, and lithosphere |
| What drives the rock cycle? | Plate movement drives the rock cycle. The rock cycle is an ongoing series of processes inside Earth and on the surface. |
| Galilean moons | The moons of Jupiter were discovered by Galileo Galilei around January 1610 and were the first group of objects found to orbit another planet. Io, Europa, Ganymede, callisto |
| two types of Igneous Rocks | Intrusive, extrusive |
| Sediment | Small, solid fragments of material that come from rocks or living things |
| Compaction | Is the process that presses sediments together |
| Erosion | when running water or wind loosen and carry away these fragments of rock |
| Cementation | dissolved minerals crystallize and glue particles of sediment together |
| Process of sedimentary rocj | The creation of a sedimentary rock BEGINS due to the processes of: Weathering and Erosion The creation of a sedimentary rock is COMPLETED through a processes of: Cementation and Compaction |
| Three types of sedimentary rocks | Clastic, organic, chemical |
| How are metamorphic rocks made? | Heat and pressure deep beneath the Earth’s surface can change any rock into Metamorphic Rock. |
| What is the difference between folliated and nonfolliated metamorphic rocks? | One had lined up particles and comes apart in layers |
| How do you separate cells based on nuclear structure? | The presence of a nucleus determines whether a cell is prokaryotic or eukaryotic. |
| Taxonomy from broad to specific | Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species |
| Autotroph, producer | An organism that can obtain energy from its abiotic environment through a process of photosynthesis or, chemosynthesis |
| Heterotroph, consumer | An organism that obtains energy from other living things is known as a Heterotroph or Consumer. |
| Asexual | This type of reproduction has no egg or sperm, only one parent, offspring all look the same as the parent, no variation in the offspring, and do not have a good chance of surviving in a changing environment? Asexual |
| Sexual | This type of reproduction is where egg or sperm are produced, there are two parents, offspring are different from parents, offspring can all look different, and have a better chance of surviving in a changing environment? Sexual |
| Biotic factors | Biotic factors are all of the living things in an environment. Example,people |
| Abiotic factors | Biotic factors are all of the living things in an environment. Abiotic factors are all of the nonliving things in an environment. An example of an Abiotic Factor is Oxygen. An example of a Biotic Factor is: Human |
| Example abiotic and biotic factors | Biotic factors are all of the living things in an environment. Abiotic factors are all of the nonliving things in an environment. An example of an Abiotic Factor is Oxygen. An example of a Biotic Factor is: Human |
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