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Pathophys/Pharm

Exam 2

QuestionAnswer
What are cataracts? Lens disorder. Cloudiness of the eye's LENS - causes vision loss
What are the lens for? How do they function? Lens focus light onto retina. Made of mostly water and protein. Proteins arranged in precise way - keeps lens clear for light to pass through.
Pathophysiology of cataracts? In age, protein may clump together and cloud small area of the lens.
Population of those affected with cataracts? Over 65 years old. 60-90 % of Americans over 65 yo. More common in women.
Generally, where does cataracts begin in the lens? Periphery of the lens, spreading out to the central portion
What are the risk factors for cataracts? - Aging- smoking- Congenital defect (German measles during pregnancy)- Long term use of coricosteroid drugs- Systemic disease: DM or hyPOthyroidism- Exposure to radiation/long hrs of bright sunlight
Congenital cataracts: explain how? Can be present at birth.German measles during pregnancy, unborn child may get cataracts.
Cataracts and smoking Smoking can potentially damage lens proteins and fiber cell membrane in the lens.
Name the types of cataracts 1. Immature (portion of lens)2. Mature (opacity of entire lens)
Describe mature cataracts Opacity of the entire lensMost significant form of cataractAppearance of "frost on a window"Ripen cataracts
Describe clinical manifestation of cataracts Starts out small, little effect on visionMay notice slight blurred vision (looking through cloudy glass)- Dimmed colors- Problem driving @ night (glare w/ oncoming headlights)- Freq. Rx change in glasses-Double visionRipen cataract:waterfall
Created by: JLHaddow
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