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Roman Vocabulary

Ancient Rome Vocabulary Words

TermDefinition
Republic a state in which the supreme power rests in the body of citizens entitled to vote and is exercised by the representative chosen to
Sicily an island in the Mediterranean, constituting a region of Italy
Romulus the founder of Rome, in 753 b.c., and its first king: a son of Mars and Rhea Silvia
Empire a group of nations or peoples ruled over by an emperor, empress, or other powerful sovereign or government
Apennines a mountain range in Italy
Remus Roman Legend
Legion a division of the Roman army, usually comprising 3000 to 6000 soldiers.
Latium a country in ancient Italy
Aeneas a Trojan hero, the reputed ancestor of the Romans
Patricians a person of noble or high rank
Tiber River a river in central Italy, flowing through Rome into the Mediterranean
Latins an Italic language spoken in ancient Rome
Consul an official appointed by the government of one country to look after its commercial interests and the welfare of its citizens in another country
Etruria an ancient country located between the Arno and Tiber rivers
Etruscans pertaining to Etruria, its inhabitants, civilization, art, or language
Carthage an ancient city-state in N Africa, near modern Tunis
Tarquins (Lucius Tarquinius Priscus) died 578 b.c, king of Rome 616–578.
Praetor one of a number of elected magistrates charged chiefly with the administration of civil justice and ranking next below a consul.
Dictator a person exercising absolute power, especially a ruler who has absolute, unrestricted control in a government without hereditary succession.
Cannae an ancient town in SE Italy: Hannibal defeated the Romans here 216 b.c.
Cincinnatus Roman general and statesman
Aqueducts a bridgelike structure that carries a water conduit or canal across a valley or over a river.
Zama ancient town in N Africa, the Romans defeated Hannibal near here in the final battle of the second Punic War,
Hannibal general who commanded the Carthaginian army in the second Punic War
Veto a constitutional right to reject a decision or proposal made by a law-making body.
Rubicon an act of winning a game against an opponent whose total score is less than 100
Scipio Roman general who defeated Hannibal.
Latifundia a great estate
Actium Antony and Cleopatra were defeated by Octavian and Agrippa in a naval battle near here in 31 b.c.
Julius Caesar Roman statesman, general, and notable author of Latin prose
Triumvirate a group of three men holding power
Rhine River
Octavian
Pax Romana
Danube River
Antony
Currency
Puteoli
Cicero
Checks and Balances
Caligula
Ostia
Augustus
Nero
Hadrian
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