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Ch. 16 History Notes
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Moche | dug canals to carry water from the Andes to desert farms. |
Igloo | dome-shaped home built by the Inuit. |
Maya | a civilization that came to a mysterious end by the A.D. 900s. |
Mesoamerica | the land from the Valley of Mexico to Costa Rica. |
Malintzin | a Mayan woman who helped Cortes form alliances by acting as a translator. |
Conquistadors | conqueror or soldier sent to the Americas by Spain. |
Tenochtitlan | a great Aztec city. |
Pachacuti | built the largest empire in the ancient Americas. (Incan) |
Iroquois League | included Onondaga, Seneca, Mohawk, Oneida, and Cayuga. |
Anasazi | moved into the region’s canyons and cliffs. |
Beringia | a land bridge connecting Asia and Alaska during the Ice Age. |
Quipu | a rope with knotted cords used to keep records. (served as a calculator) |
Mayan city-states | located in the dense forest of the Peten. |
Hernan Cortes | a Spanish soldier who defeated the Aztec. |
Hohokam | a farming culture who thrived from A.D. 300-1300. |
Hunter-gatherers | moved constantly in search of food. |
Christopher Columbus | landed on the island of Hispaniola in 1492. |
Adobe | sun-dried mud brick. (building material for the southwest) |
Olmec | developed a trading empire that flourished between 1200 B.C. and 400 B.C. |
Francisco Pizarro | a Spanish soldier who defeated the Inca. |
Why did the Maya seek captives in war? | human sacrifices to the gods. |
How were people able to survive in the dry deserts of the Southwest? | They farmed the dry land and built irrigation canals and adobe homes. |
How did Pizarro conquer the Inca? | They captured Atahualpa. |
Where was the Mayan civilization located? | Yucatan Peninsula, Peten. |
How did the Mayan civilization end? | The Maya mysteriously abandoned their cities. |
Who were the Mound Builders? | Hunter-gatherers who built mounds. |
The Incan leader | Pachacuti built a huge ancient empire. |
How did Spanish explorers defeat the Aztec? | Horses, guns, and disease. |
Why did Montezuma not attack the invading Spaniards right away? | He was afraid that Cortez was the god returning home. |