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HIST10 CH 14 FLSHCDS
Mr. Stickler's Liberty Christian HIST 10 Ch. 14 "Absolutism" Tst Flashcards 2022
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| List one (1) of the causes of the Thirty Years’ War | Political and territorial motives. |
| List one (1) of the effects of the Thirty Years’ War. | All major European powers became involved. (You could also say "Germany was plundered for 30 years.") |
| What was the “divine right of kings”? | James' belief that his power as a monarch (king) came from God and that he was only responsible to God. |
| What was the “restoration”? | The restoring of the Stuart monarchy in England. |
| What was the Glorious Revolution? | When Dutch forces led by William invaded England and King James and his family fled to France. |
| Who were Huguenots? | French Protestants influenced by John Calvin. |
| How did Elizabeth Tudor “try to keep Spain & France from becoming too powerful by balancing power”? | She was moderate in her foreign policy. |
| What did the Edict of Nantes state/ do? | It recognized Catholicism as the official religion of France. Gave Huguenots the right to worship & enjoy the privileges of holding public offices. |
| What did Philip II hope to accomplish with a "successful invasion of England"? | To overthrow British Parliament. |
| What were the names of the two (2) groups that fought in the civil war that erupted in 1642? | 1. Cavaliers; 2. Roundheads. |
| What does the term "Absolutism" mean? | "A system in which a ruler holds total power." |
| What three (3) things "made finances a crucial issue for Louis XIV? | 1. Cost of building palaces; 2. Maintain his court; 3. Pursuing his wars. |
| What did Thomas Hobbes believe about society before it was organized? | That life was "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, & short". |
| John Locke believed that - before society was organized - humans lived in what kind of state? | Humans lived in a state of equality & freedom rather than a state of war. |
| "The artistic Renaissance came to an end when a new movement called ____________________ emerged in Italy in the 1520's and 1530's.?" | Mannerism. |
| What artistic movement "began in Italy at the end of the 16th century and eventually spread to the rest of Europe & Latin America?" | Baroque. |
| What is the name of the ". . . . cultural flowering (that) took place in England in the late 16th and early 17th centuries"? | The Elizabethan Era. |
| Why was admission to The Globe theater one (1) or two (2) pennies? | So that all social classes could attend. |
| What were 4 main principles of the English Bill of Rights? | 1.) Gave Parliament the right to make laws & levy taxes; 2.) Parliament's consent was needed to raise armies; 3.) Kings could not do anything without Parliament's consent; 4.) Citizens kept right to bear arms & trial by jury. (Pg. 463) |
| What did the Toleration Act of 1689 do/establish? | This law granted Protestants - but not Catholics - the right to free public worship. (Pg. 463) |
| What was the difference between Thomas Hobbes' view of the Social Contract versus John Locke's? | Hobbes believed that the people could not break the Social Contract no matter what the government did. Locke believed that citizens could break the Social Contract & replace the government if their rights were violated. |
| What does the term "Social Contract" mean refer to? | This term relates to the idea that citizens must give up a bit of their freedom to the government in exchange for protection of their rights & freedoms. |
| List three (3) things that contributed to the economic and social problems of 16th century Europe? | 1.) Loss of Muslim & Jewish artisans and merchants; 2.) War, famine, & plague; 3.) Witchcraft hysteria (Pgs. 258 & 259) |
| What does the term "inflation" mean/ refer to? | This term means "rising prices". (Pg. 458) |
| Who led the Catholic forces during the Thirty Years' War? | The Hapsburg Holy Roman emperors & Protestant nobles from Bohemia led this group. (Pg. 460) |
| What was the Peace of Westphalia? | This was the name of the treaty that ended the Thirty Years' War. (Pg. 460) |
| Who was Cardinal Richelieu? | He was Louis XIII's chief minister. He helped strengthen the power of the monarchy and took away the Huguenots' political and military rights (but preserved their religious rights). (Pg. 464) |
| Who was the first Russian ruler to take the title of "czar"? | Ivan IV was the first person to do this. (Pg. 468) |
| What does the term "natural rights" mean/ refer to? | This term refers to "rights with which people were born". (Pg. 476) |
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sticklerpjpII
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