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chapt 21 test 3
chapter 21 test 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Explain why Americans became interested in an overseas empire in the late 19th century. | The end of the frontier sparked fears about diminishing opportunities at home; Farms looked for overseas markets; Importance of foreign markets to continue economic growth; NOT BRITTISH WARS |
| Discuss the tenets of Social Darwinism espoused by Josiah Strong | Civilize the world under the Anglo-Saxon races;Christianity;Anglo-Saxon superiority - god made Americans Christians. |
| Describe the basic goals of 19th century American foreign policy. | Wanted to gain Hawaii; did not want africa |
| List the foreign policy goals of William H. Seward. | Canada and Mexico; Islands in the Caribbean as strategic bases to protect a canal across the isthmus; And Hawaii and other islands as stepping stones to Asia |
| Explain U.S. foreign policy towards Latin America from 1869 to 1896 | Eroded European influence in Latin America - Diverted Latin American trade from Europe through a series of reciprocity treaties; U.S. supported Venezuela against Great Britain |
| Discuss the U.S. relationship with Hawaii in the 19th century | 1875: U.S. granted Hawaiian sugar free entry; Queen Liliuokalani retaliated for McKinley Tariff, attempted to reduce U.S. influence; Hawaii made U.S. possession; 1872: U.S. granted port facilities in Samoa;1899: U.S. shared control with Germany |
| Explain why Americans favored the annexation of Hawaii | Wanted it as a military base; Fear of other countries annexing it; Depended on sugar; NOT PINEAPPLE |
| List the participants in the dispute over Pago Pago in 1889 | The United States; Great Britain; Germany |
| Describe Alfred Thayer Mahan's arguments for a new navy | Alfred Mahan argued that overseas markets re essential for industrial surpluses;Markets involved distant ports; Reaching them required a large merchant marine and a strong navy to protect it at sea |
| List the causes of the Spanish-American War | Rebellion in Cuba; "Yellow press" whipped up U.S. sentiment to favor Cuban independence;Explosion of the Maine; Congress declared Cuba independent, passed "Teller Amendment" |
| Describe the types of U.S. troops used in the Spanish-American War | U.S. regular army small, ill-prepared; Had black soldiers; THERE WAS NO DRAFT |
| List the major campaigns and ranking officers involved in the Spanish- American War | Commodore George Dewey – against the Spanish base in the Philippines; Admiral William T Sampson against Admiral Pascaul Cevera’s main fleet; Rough Riders;San Juan Hill |
| Describe the new American empire after the Spanish-American War | Fate of the Philippines was the thorniest issue at the peace negotiations; December, 1898: Treaty of Paris |
| Explain the reasons for opposition in the U.S. to overseas empire | Debate over annexation of the Philippines; Against big armies, government, and debt; Republican ideals incompatible with imperialism; |
| Discuss John Hay's "Open Door" policy in China. | No European nation should carve out a sphere of influence in China & exclude others from trading; Despite American claims to the contrary, other countries did not accept it; Policy opened the potential for later conflict with powers in Pacific |
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