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Chapter 14
Currents and Climate (1st 10) & Tides (Last 20)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Two types of Surface Currents. | Warm Water Currents and Cold Water Currents. |
| What creates warmer climates in coastal areas that would otherwise be much cooler? | Warm Water Currents. |
| What is a northern cold current that flows south bringing cooler waters and keeps climate along a coastal area cooler that it should be? | Cold Water Currents. |
| What is the movement of deep cold and nutrient rich water to the surface? | Upwelling. |
| What causes upwelling? | When local current move away from the shore, the movement causes this event. |
| Why is upwelling important? | They help tiny plants grow through photosyntheisis. It promotes the health of tiny plants and organisms which in turn affect fish and birds, et.... |
| How often does El Nino occur? | Every 2 to 12 years. |
| What is a change in the water temperature in the Pacific Ocean that produces a warm current causing unexpected weather events (droughts in areas that usually get rain and mudslides and flooding in areas that are usually in a drought)? | El Nino. |
| What is a change in the eastern Pacific Ocean in which the surface water temp becomes unusually cool? | La Nina. |
| Why is it important to study El Nino? | Because of its effects on organisms and land. |
| What are the periodic rise and fall of the water level in the oceans and other large bodies of water? | Tides. |
| Tides are influenced by two things? | The Moon and the Sun. |
| Tides are most affected by the moon due it ____________pull to the Earth. | Gravitational. |
| The moon's pull is strongest on the part of the Earth that is directly ____________________ the moon. | Facing. |
| There are two daily tides: | High and Low. |
| What are the bulges found on the side of the Earth directly facing the moon as well as the bulges on the direct opposite sides of the the EArth. | High Tides. |
| What is it called when water is drawn away from the area between the high tides? | Low Tides. |
| How much time lapses between two high tides? | 24 hours 50 minutes. Once a day. |
| How much time lapses between a high tide and a low tide? | 12 hours 25 minutes. Once a day, almost twice. |
| What is the difference between levels of the ocean water at high tide and low tide? | Tidal Range. |
| If high tide occurs at 12 pm on Monday when is the next high and low tides? | Low Tide - 12:25 am Tuesday High Tide - 12:50 pm Tuesday |
| An area experiences high tide at 10 am on Tuesday. At about what time will there be another high and low tide? | Low Tide - 10:25 pm Tuesday High Tide = 10:50 am Wednesday |
| What is a tide of increased range that occurs twice a month at the new and full moons? | Spring Tide. |
| What is a tide of minimum range that occurs during the first and third quarters of the moon? | Neap Tide. |
| What are the tidal ranges of the Spring and Neap Tides? | Spring tides have the largest daily tidal range. Neap tides have the smallest daily tidal range. |
| What are the two monthly tides called? | Spring and Neap tides. |
| During which moon phases do spring tides occur? | New and Full moon phases. |
| During which moon phases do neap tides occur? | 1st and 3rd Qtr. Moons. |
| During a spring tide what is the positions of the Earth, Sun, and Moon? | They are aligned. |
| During a neap tide what is the position of the Earth, Sun, and Moon? | They form a 90 degree angle. |
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