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Rocks and Minerals

TermDefinition
Mineral A substance that is solid, inorganic, and it has to naturally occur. It has to have a definite chemical composition, and a crystal structure also.
Crystal Structure The definite pattern in the way that particles in a substance are arranged.
Moh's hardness scale A scale that rates ten minerals based on their hardness.
Luster The characteristic of reflecting light.
Hardness The characteristic of a mineral's ability to resist being scratched.
Cleavage A mineral that splits easily along a flat surface has this.
Fracture This describes when a mineral breaks apart in an irregular way.
Streak The characteristic of a mineral when you stratch it on unglazed porcelain and the color of the powder it leaves.
Crystallization The process by which atoms are arranged to form a material with a crystal structure.
Solution A mixture in which one substance dissolves in another.
Vein A narrow channel or slab of a mineral that is much different from the surrounding rock.
Geode A rounded, hollow rock that is often lined with mineral crystals.
Element A substance composed of a single kind of atom.
Compound A substance formed when two or more elements combine and lose their distinct properties.
Inorganic Something that is not formed from living things; a mineral has to be this to be a mineral.
Florescence To glow under ultraviolet light; some minerals are this.
Texture The look and feel of a rock's surface.
Fine grained Describes the size of the rock's grains. Formed when magma cools rapidly, an example of this is slate. This is smaller particles of minerals and other rocks that make up a rock.
Coarse grained Describes the size of the rock's grains. Formed when magma cools slowly, an example of this is slate. This is larger particles of minerals and other rocks that make up a rock.
Porphyry A rock with large crystals surrounded by small crystals.
Intrusive igneous rock Igneous rock that forms inside earth, from magma hardening beneath earth's surface.
Extrusive igneous rock Igneous rock that forms from lava that erupted onto Earth's surface.
Sediment Small, solid pieces of material that come from rocks or living things.
Compaction Sediments pressed together in layers.
Erosion Water or wind loosen and carry out fragments of rock.
Cementation Dissolved materials glue sediments together.
Deposition Sediments settle out of water or wind.
Clastic rock Sedimentary rock that forms when rock fragments are squeezed together.
Chemical rock Sedimentary rock that forms when minerals dissolved in a solution crystallize.
Organic rock Sedimentary rock that forms from the remains of plants and animals.
Foilated Metamorphic rocks with grains arranged in parallel layers or bands.
Non-foilated Metamorphic rocks with grains arranged randomly.
Created by: 1964110084
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