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Respiratory
Finding and significance
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Absent breath sounds | Pleural effusion, pneumothorax |
absence of nail bed angle or schamroth space CLUBBING | TB, lung cancer, lung abcess, bronchiectasis |
Biots respiration (irregularly irregular) | Damage to medulla-CVA, trauma or tumor |
Bronchophony (loud breath sounds) | pneumonia, compression atelectasis |
cheyne-stoke breathing (regularly irregular) | CHF, raised intracranial pressure |
crackles | pneumonia, CHF, bronchiectasis, |
cyanosis-central | Fallots, severe respiratory distress |
cyanosis-peripheral | cold temperatures, raynauds |
decreased tactile fremitus | COPD, pleural effusion, asthma |
egophony (e sounds like a) | pneumonia, compression atelectasis |
flared nasal alae | respiratory distress |
Gibbus | Potts disease, TB |
Halitosis | Bronchiectasis |
Hyper-resonant percussion | pneumothorax, emphysema, asthma |
increased tactile fremitus | pneumonia, TB |
intercostal space bulging | pleural effusion and empyema |
intercostal space retraction | severe asthma, and upper airway obstruction |
kussmauls breathing (deep rapid breathing) | diabetic ketoacidosis |
musty ammonia breath | liver failure |
pectis carinatum (pigeon sternum) | rickets, congenital abnormality |
pectin excavatum (funnel chest) | rickets, congenital abnormality |
pitted nails | psoriasis |
pleuritic friction rub | pleurisy |
precordial friction rub | pericarditis |
red currant jelly sputum | klebsiella pneumonia |
rust colored sputum | pneumococcal pneumonia |
stony dull percussion note | pleural effusion |
sweating with chest pain | MI, PE or dissecting thoracic aorta |
Tender swollen costochondral joint | Tietze's syndrome |
Tracheal shift | Pleural effusion, tension pneumothorax, TB |
Tracheal tug | aneurysm of arch of aorta |
wheeze | asthma, bronchiectasis and COPD |
whispered pectoriloquy | pneumonia, compression, atelectasis |