Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Science Chapter 4
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Three forms of the element carbon | Diamond, Graphite, and Fullerene |
| diamond | hardest mineral that forms when carbon atoms are at very high temps. and pressures |
| Graphite | where carbon atoms are bonded strongly together in flat layers; makes an excellent lubricant in machines because it is so slipery |
| Fullerene | a form of carbon that consists of carbon atoms arranged in a repeating pattern; may one day be used for carring medicine through the body |
| Organic Compound | most compounds that contain carbon |
| Organic compounds have similar properties like... | low melting and boiling points, do not disolve well in water, and have strong odors |
| Hydrocarbon | an organic compound that contains only carbon and hydrogen |
| The carbon chains in a hydrocarbon may be... | straight, branched, or ring-shaped |
| Molecular Formula | a combination of chemical symbols that represent the elements in each molecule in a compound |
| Subscripts | a number in a formula written lower and smaller than the symbol to indicate the number atoms of an element in a molecule |
| Structural Formula | a description of a molecule that shows the kind, number, and arrangement of atoms |
| Isomer | one of a number of compounds that have the same molecular formula but different structures |
| A carbon atom can form a ______ bond, _______ bond, and _____ bond. | single, double, triple |
| Saturated Hydrocarbon | a hydrocarbon in which all the bonds between carbon atoms are single bonds |
| Unstaurated Hydrocarbon | a hydrocarbon in which one or more of the bonds between carbon atoms is double or triple |
| Substituted Hydrocarbon | a hydrocarbon in which one or more hydrogen atoms have been replaced by atoms of other elements |
| Substituted hydrocarbons include ____ ____, _____, ____, and ____ _____. | halogen compounds, alcohols, and organic acids |
| Hydroxyl Group | an -OH group, found in alcohols |
| Organic Acid | a substituted hydrocarbon with one or more of the -COOH group of atoms |
| Carboxyl Gruop | a -COOH group, found in organic acids |
| Ester | an organic compound made by chemically combining an alcohol and an organic acid |
| Polymer | a large molecule in the form of a chain in which many smaller molecules are bonded together |
| Monomer | one molecule that makes up the links in a polymer chain |
| Synthetic | a material that is not formed naturally but is manufactured |
| Nutrients | a substance that provides energy or raw materials for the body to grow, repair worn parts, or function properly. |
| Digestion | the process of breaking polymers into momomers by means of chemical change |
| The four classes of polymers found in all living things are___, ____, ______, ____ ____. | carbohydrates, lipids, protiens, and nucleic acids |
| Carbohydrate | an energy rich organic compound made of the elements carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen |
| Glucose | a sugar found in the body; the monomer of many complex carbohydrates |
| Complex Carbohydrate | a long chain, or polymer, of simple carbohydrates |
| ____ and _____ are both built from glucose momomers, but the monomers are arranged differently in each case. | Starch and cellulose |
| Starch | a complex carbohydrate in which plants store energy |
| Cellulose | a complex carbohydrate found in plant stuructures |
| Protiens | an organic compound that is a polymer of amino acid |
| Amino Acids | one of 20 kinds of organic compounds that are monomers of protiens |
| Unlike the sugars in complex carbohydrates, the monomers in a protein are ____ _____ alike | not exactly |
| Lipid | energy-rich polymers made of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen; include fats, oils, waxes, and cholesterol |
| Gram for gram, lipids store more than _____ as much energy as do carbohydrates. | twice |
| Fatty Acid | an organic compound that is a monomer of fat or oil |
| Cholesterol | a waxy lipid found in all animal cells |
| Nucleic Acids | a very large organic compound made up of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, and phosphorus; examples are DNA and RNA |
| DNA | Deoxyribonucleic Acid; a type of nucleic acid |
| RNA | Ribonucleicacid; a type of nucleic acid |
| Nucleotides | an organic compound that is one of the monomers of nucleic acids |
| The differences among living things depend on the order of ____ in the _____. | nucleotides, DNA |
| Vitamins | an organic compound that serves as a helper molecule in a variety of chemical reactions in the body |
| Minerals | a simple element needed by the body, that is not organic |
Created by:
Izzy Izzy Oi Oi
Popular Science sets