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Chapter 5

Muscular Skelton 2-2-2016

QuestionAnswer
What produces almost all movements of the body Muscle cell action
Three types of muscles Voluntary, Involuntary, Cardiac
What muscle type is governed by the CNS and appear striated or striped under microscope Skeletal (striated) or voluntary muscles
What muscle type is quadrangular, joined end to end and grouped in bundles supported by framework of connective tissue Cardiac
The capacity of muscles to receive and react to stimuli Irritability or Excitability
Tissues ability to return to normal resting length when a stress has been removed Elasticity
Ability of muscle to stretch Extensibility
Muscle tissue supplies a network of Blood, Lymph vessels, capillaries and nerve fibers
Facia is situated just below the skin and covers the entire muscular system Superficial fascia
Extends inward from the epimysium and separates the muscle into bundles of muscle fibers or fascicles Perimysium
Smallest functional unit of the muscle fiber Sarcomere
Skeletal muscle fibers are connected to what Branch of motor neuron
Muscle fiber has how many nerve fiber connections One
Motor nerve has how many nerve fiber connections Many and can connect to several muscle fibers
Small muscle fibers that provide intricate movements has how many motor units 6 to 12 muscle fibers
Large muscles provide less intricate movements and have how many motor units Several hundred muscle fibers in a single motor unit
ATP can be stored int eh muscle cells to sustain a contraction for how long Few seconds
ADP can be reconstituted into ATP True
2 reasons muscle become fatigued and affect the muscles ability to respond to nerve impulses. Circulation of blood can't keep pace with demand for oxygen or because the waste products accumulate faster then the can be removed.
Chicken white breast meat is constructed of whey types of fibers Type II
Darker leg and thigh is what type of fibers Type I
Fibers that have a relatively slower contraction time and high resistance to fatigue Type I, slow twitch fibers
Skeletal tissues are attached to what Bone
Point where the end of the ;muscle is anchored to a immovable section of the skeleton Origin of the muscle
Muscle is located more proximal to tor nearer the center of the body is what Origin
More mobile attachment of the muscle to bone Insertion of muscle
Occurred when a muscle contracts and the ends of the muscle do not move Isometric contraction
Occurs when a muscle contracts and the distance between the ends of the muscle changes Isotonic contraction
Isotonic contraction is said to be Concentric
The primary muscle responsible for a specifc movement Prime mover or Agonist
The muscle that performs the opposite movement of the agonist Antagonist
Muscles that assist the agonist Synergists
Sudden involuntary contraction of a muscle or group of muscles Spasm
Spasms that are sustained Tonic
Spasms that alternate between contraction and relaxation Clonic
Most common injury to a muschle Strains (torn/pulled muscles)
Where do most strains occur 80% in muscle belly or between muscle and tendon
Intervention that occurs in first 24-48 hours of muscle strain PRICE - Protect, rest, ice, compression and elevation
Massage is contraindicated during the acute stage of a muscle strain True
If a muscle cannot be contacted or is contracted only very weakly the muscle tissue rapidly degenerates and begins to wast away Atrophy
Syndrome characterized by pain, fatigue and stiffness in the connective tissue of the muscles, tendons, and legaments Fibromyalgia
Group of related diseases that seems to be genetically inherited and cause a progressive degeneration of the voluntary muscular system Muscular Dystrophy
Action of Levator Scapulae Elevation of scapula
Action of Serratus Anteriour Stabilization, upward rotation and protraction of the scapula
Action of Coracobrachialis Flexion and adduction of humerus
Action of Anterior Deltoid Flexion, horizontal rotation
Action of Biceps Brachii Flexion of arm and forearm, supinates forearm
Action of Sartorius Flexes, laterally rotates and abducts thigh; assist with flexion and medical rotation of knee
How many joints does the Gastrocnemius cross 2 Joints: Knee and ankle
Muscles that are located in the neck and act on the Neck Scalenus - Anterior, Medial and Posterior
Created by: Protire
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