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Chap 3

Biological Foundations of BX

QuestionAnswer
Nervous System refers to body's electrochemical communication system
Neuron/Nerve Cell basic unit of nervous system
Neuroscience mult-disciplinary study of the nervous system(biology and etc)
Nervous system characteristics; complexity brain composed of billion of nerve cells
Integation brain coordinates & integrates information from many sources
Adaptability brain is capable of change
Electrochemical Transmission brain uses electrical & chemical communication
Pathways in the Nervous System/ Afferent Nerves recieve incomeing/senory information from the body(approach brain)(enter)
Efferent Nerves send motor commands from brain to muscles and body(exit the brain)
Neural Networks integrate sensory input & motor output
Central Nervous System brain & spinal cord (central)
Peripheral Nervous System (side) PNS carries messages to & from CNS & the organs, glands, & skeletal muscles
Somatic Nervous System carries senory information to the CNS & motor information from the CNS to skeletal muscles
Autonomic Nervous System carries info to & from CNS to body's organs & glands
Sympathetic nervous system(arousing)(sensative)
Parasympathetic calms the body
Neuron basic unit to the nervous system that serves to process info
Glial Cells provides support & nutritional benefit(feeds cells)
Parts of a basic cell;soma/cell body contains nucleus
Dendrite recieves info & channels it toward cell body
Axon carries electrical info away from cell to other cells
Myelin Sheath insulation that helps message travel faster; implicated in Multipe Sclerosis
Communitcation in the Cell; Resting Potential is the difference in voltage between the inside & outside of axon membrane; NA+ions are in high concentration outside of cell wall, while K+ions are in high concentration inside the cell
Resting Potential part B at rest, some K+ions can leave the cell causing the exterior of the nerve cell membrane to be slightly positive relative to the inside of the axon
Action Potiential NA+gates at base of neuron open; NA+ rushes into neuron, temporarily altering charges present at membrane; the charge on K+ion cause next gate to open; gates open & close sequentially down the length of the axon
Action Potiential part B when the gate closes, K+ions flow out of the neuron to re-establish resting potiential
All or None Principle when electical impulse is released, it travels down the axon at the same speed(resulting in neurotransmisson)
Created by: vale7563
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