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unit 7
Industrialization and Urban Planning
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Basic Industries | that sell their products or services primarily to consumers outside the settlement. |
| Business services | Services that primarily meet the needs of other businesses. |
| Central Bussiness District | The area of the city where retail and office activities are clustered. |
| Central Place | A market center for the exchange of services by people attracted from the surrounding area. |
| Central Place theory | A theory that explains the distribution of services, based on the fact that settlements serve as centers of market areas for services; larger settlements are fewer and far¬ther apart than smaller settlements and provide services for a larger number of pe |
| City State | A sovereign state comprising a city and its immedi¬ate hinterland.. |
| Clustered rural settlement | A rural settlement in which the houses and farm buildings of each family are situated close to each otller and fields surround the settlement. |
| Consumer Services | Businesses that provide sen;ces primarily to individual consumers, including retail sen-ices and personal servICes. |
| Dispersed rural settlement | A rural settlement pattern char¬acterized by isolated farms rather than clustered villages. |
| Economic base | A community's collection of basic industries. |
| Enclosure movement | The process of consolidating small landholdings into a smaller number of larger farms in England during the eighteenth century. |
| Gravity model | A model that holds that the potential use of a service at a particular location is directly related to the number of people in a location and inversely related to the distance people must travel to reach the service. |
| Market area | The area surrounding a central place, from which people are attracted to use the place's goods and services. |
| Nonbasic industries | Industries that sell their products prima¬rily to consumers in the community. |
| Personal Services | Manufacturing activities in which cost of transporting both raw materials and finished product is not important for determining the loca¬tion of the firm. |
| Consumer Services | Services that provide for the well-being and personal improvement of individual consumers. |
| Primate City | The largest settlement in a country, if it has more than twice as many people as the second-ranking settlement. |
| Primate city rule | A pattern of settlements in a country, such that the largest settlement has more than twice as many people as the second-ranking settlement. |
| Producer services | Services that primarily help people con¬duct business. |
| Range | The maximum distance people are will¬ing to travel to use a service. |
| Rank size rule | A pattern of settlements in a country, such that the 11th largest settlement is Un the population of the largest settlement. |
| Retail Services | Services that promote goods for sale to consumers. |
| service | An activity that fulfills a human Want or need and returns money to those who provide it. |
| Settlement | A permanent collection of buildings and inhabitants. |
| Threshold | beat out grain from stalks by trampling it. |
| Transportation and information services | Services that dif¬fuse and distribute services. |
| Break of Bulk point | A location where transfer is possible from one mode of transportation to another. |
| Bulk reducing industry | An industry in which the final prod¬uct weighs less or comprises a lower volume than the inputs. |
| Cottage industry | Manufacturing based in homes rather than in a factory, commonly found before the Industrial Revolution. |
| Fordist production | Form of mass production in which each worker is assigned one specific task to perform repeatedly. |
| Industrial Revolution | A series of imprmements in industrial technology that transformed the process of manufacturing goods |
| Labor intensive industry | An industry for which labor costs comprise a high percentage of total expenses. |
| Maquiladora | Factories built by u.s. companies in Mexico near the U.S. border, to take advantage of much lm,-er labor costs in 1\1exico. |
| New international division of labor | Transfer of some types of jobs, especially those requiring low-paid less skilled workers, from more developed to less developed countries. |
| Post Fordist | production Adoption by companies of flexible work rules, such as the allocation of workers to teams that per¬form a variety of tasks. |
| Right to work state | A U.S. state that has passed a law pre¬venting a union and company from negotiating a contract that requires workers to join a union as a condition of employment. |
| Site factors Location | factors related to the costs of factors of production inside the plant, such as land, labor, and capital. |
| Situation factors | The location of a place relative to other places. Situation factors Location factors related to the transporta¬tion of materials into and from a factory. |
| Textile | A fabric made by weaving, used in making clothing |
| Trading bloc | a group of neighboring countries that promote trade with each other and erect barriers to limit trade ,\'ith other blocs |
Created by:
caarmen
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