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Shoulder Muscles
Muscles of the Shoulder Girdle
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Upper Trapezius | O. External Occipital Protuberance I. Lateral third of clavicle Acromion of Scapula A. Elevation Lateral (upward) rotation of scapula |
Middle Trapezius | O. T1-T5 spinous processes I. Spine of scapula A. Adduction (retraction) of scapula |
Lower Trapezius | O. T6-T12 spinous processes I. Root of spine of the scapula A. Depression Lateral (upward) rotation of scapula |
Levator Scapula | O. C1-C4 Transverse Processes I. Vertebral border of scapula from superior angle to root of spine A. Elevation Medial (downward) rotation of scapula |
Rhomboid Minor | O. C7 and T1 spinous processes I. Root of the spine of scapula A. Adduction (retraction) Medial (downward) rotation of scapula |
Rhomboid Major | O. T2-T5 spinous processes I. Vertebral border of scapula from root of spine to inferior angle A. Adduction (retraction) Medial (downward) rotation of scapula |
Serratus Anterior | O. Lateral surface of upper 8 ribs (by finger-like slips) I. Vertebral border of the scapula- anterior surface A. Abduction; Lateral (upward) rotation of scapula; Stabilizes scapula against chest wall; Depression of scapula; Assists forced exhale |
Pectoralis Minor | O. Anterior surface of ribs 3, 4, and 5 near costal cartilages I. Coracoid process of scapula (medial border of superior surface) A. Abduction; Depression; Medial (downward) rotation; Anterior tilt of scapula; Assists forced inhalation |
Subclavius | O. 1st rib costocartilage junction I. Inferior shaft of clavicle- middle 1/3 A. Depresses clavicle Stabilizaes sternoclavicular joint |
Pectoralis Major (Origin and Insertion) | O. Clavicular Head: Medial half of clavicle Sternocostal Head: Sternum; Cartilages of superior 6 ribs; Aponeurosis of external oblique muscle I. Lateral Lip of intertubercular groove of humerus |
Pectoralis Major (Actions) | A. Adduction Horizontal adduction Medial rotation of humerus Clavicular head: Flexion of humerus Sternocostal head: Extension of humerus; Assists anterior tilt of scapula |
Latissimus Dorsi | O. Thoracolumbar aponeurosis; Lower 6 Thoracic spinous proc.; Sacrum; Iliac crest; Lower 3 to 4 ribs; Inf angle of scapula I. Intertubercular groove of humerus A. Extension; Medial rotation; Adduction; Downward rotate of scapula; Depresses scapula |
Supraspinatus | O. Supraspinous fossa of scapula I. Greater tubercle of humerus (superior facet) A. Abduction Scaption of humerus Stabilization of head of humerus |
Infraspinatus | O. Infrespinous fossa of scapula I. Greater tubercle of humerus (middle facet) A. Lateral rotation Extension of humerus |
Teres Minor | O. Upper 2/3 of axillary border of scapula I. Greater tubercle of humerus (inferior facet) A. Lateral rotation Extension of humerus |
Subscapularis | O. Subscapular fossa of scapula I. Lesser tubercle of humerus A. Medial Rotation Adduction of humerus |
Teres Major | O. Inferior angle of scapula (dorsal surface) Lower third of axillary border of scapula I. Medial lip of intertubercular groove of humerus A. Extension Medial rotation Adduction of humerus |
Deltoids (origins and insertions) | O. Ant- Lateral third of clavicle Mid- acromion of scapula Post- spine of scapula I. Deltoid tuberosity of humerus |
Deltoids (actions) | A. Anterior: Flexion Horizontal adduction Medial Rotation of humerus Middle: Abduction of humerus to 90 degrees Posterior: Extension Horizontal abduction Lateral rotation Scaption of humerus |
Coracobrachialis | O. Coracoid process of scapula I. Middle 1/3 of medial surface of humeral shaft A. Flexion Adduction of humerus |
Biceps Brachii | O. Short head: Coracoid process of scapula Long head: Supraglenoid tubercle of scapula I. Tuberosity of radius Bicipital aponeurosis A. Flexion of elbow Supination of forearm Short head: Flexion of humerus |
Triceps Brachii | O. Long head: Infraglenoid tubercle of scapula Lat head: Post humerus above spiral groove Med head: Post humerus below spiral groove I. Olecranon process of ulna A. Extension of elbow Long head: Extension of humerus |