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Cold War Vocab
GEHS U.S. History - Cold War Terms
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Truman Doctrine | President Truman's policy of providing economic and military aid to any country who was resisting take over by outside pressures |
| Cold War | A time of political tension and military rivalry between the U.S. and the Soviet Union following WW II. |
| Containment | US foreign policy followed during the Cold War that sought to prevent the expansion of Soviet Communism |
| Marshall Plan | A U.S. loan program for European nations after WWII to help rebuild them and stop the spread of communism (2 words) |
| Berlin Airlift | A program in which the United States and Britain shipped supplies by air to West Berlin during a Soviet blockade of all routes to the city; lasted from 1948-1949. |
| Mao Zedong | Took over China in a communist revolt and est. the People's Republic of China in 1959 |
| Yalta Conference | The Big 3 Agreed to split Germany into 4 sections and also divide Berlin into 4 conquest zones. |
| Iron Curtain | Churchill criticized the Soviet Union for sharply dividing Europe |
| Containment | U.S. policy to prevent the spread of Communism |
| Soviet Bloc | The communist nations closely allied with the Soviet Union |
| Berlin Blockade | Soviets blocked any road, rail or river entrance into the city of Berlin. |
| Chiang Kai-Shek | Western educated, pro-American, and Christian leader of China who was supported by The United States. |
| U-2 incident | The Soviet downing of an American U-2 high altitude reconnaissance aircraft over Soviet territory on May 1, 1960. The incident led to the collapse of a proposed summit conference between the United States and the Soviet Union |
| 38th Parallel | Used to divide Korea into Northern and Southern territories. Decided upon during the Yalta Conference and gave Communists control of the North and Capitalists control of the South. |
| Korean War | This war lasted 3 years as a UN Police Action. The new border was roughly the same place as the original 38th parallel. One of the bloodiest wars in history. |
| NATO | The original purpose was to defend Western Europe against possible attack by Communist nations, led by the Soviet Union. |
| Warsaw Pact | An attempt by Communist nations to counter the rearmament of West Germany. The alliance was dominated by the USSR, which kept strict control over the other countries in the pact. |
| Nikita Khrushchev | Took over Communist control of The Soviet Union after Stalin died. Involved in the U-2 incident, Cuban missile crisis, and brutal supression of Eastern European countries attempting to leave the Warsaw Pact. |
| Joseph Stalin | Communist leader of The Soviet Union until his death in 1953. Expanded the scope of Communism as a powerful and murderous dictator. |
| Joseph McCarthy | U.S. Senator from Wisconsin who accused Americans of being Communists. This tactic of accusing and slandering deepend the fear of Communism among many Americans. |
| Douglas MacArthur | Commanding General of the United States forces in the Korean War. |
| Harry Truman | Created the Truman Doctrine which was a plan to provide aid to countries that might otherwise have fallen to Communism |
| Fidel Castro | Communist leader of Cuba who ended all ties with the United States. JFK approved the plan to remove Castro from power during the Bay of Pigs Invasion which proved to be an absolute failure. |
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