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Periodontics II
Smoking and Periodontal Disease
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What medical problems are tobacco related to? | Cancer, low birth weight, pulmonary disease, cardiovascular disease. |
| What is a correlation between smoking and periodontal disease? | influences outcome of periodontal health (i.e. prevalence, extent, and severity) |
| Why must we understand the relationship between smoking and periodontal disease? | manage the disease as effectively as possible. |
| What is the correlation between smoking and gingivitis? | Inflammatory response is reduced and there is a decrease of expression of clinical inflammation. |
| Smoking and periodontitis increases your chance of what? | prevalence and severity of destruction, increased pocket depth, attachment loss, bone loss, rate of destruction, and tooth loss. |
| What can smoking due to a periodontal patient? | Increased the prevalence and make periodontitis severe |
| Smoking and periodontitis cessation decreased what? | prevalence and severity |
| What is the NHANES III study come to a result of? | Smokers were 4 times as likely to have periodontitis than people who had never smoked. |
| What were the NHANES III results of perio cases attributable to current smoking? | 42% |
| What were the NHANES III results of perio cases attributable to former smokers? | 11% |
| The number of years of tobacco use if significant factor in what? | tooth loss, coronal root caries, and perio disease |
| What is the five step program? | ask, advise, assess, assist, and arrange |
| Ages 19-30 who smoke are how much more likely to have periodontitis than non-smokers? | 3.8 times |
| Young people who are smoking more than how many cigarettes per day are at risk for what? | 15, tooth loss |
| Alteration of host bacterial interaction must be what? | qualitative rather than quantitative |
| What are the main pathogens in periodontitis? | T. Forsythensis, A.a and P. gingivalis |
| Why do smokers not respond to mechanical therapy as well as nonsmokers? | Increased levels of T. Forsythensis, A.a and P. gingivalis microbes after therapy |
| What protective elements does smoking affect from out immune response? | alteration in neutrophil numbers and function, chemotaxis, phagocytosis, and reduced levels of IgG |
| TNF means what? | Tumor Necrosis Factor |
| What is TNF? | a cytokine involved in the inflammatory process |
| What is Elastase? | an enzyme that breaks down proteins |
| What does matrix MMP do? | proliferates cells, migration, and differentiation and host defense |
| MMP means what? | Matrix metalloproteinase |
| Chemotaxis | movement of small organisms and single cells in response to chemical signals from their enviroments |
| Phagocytosis | process in which certain living cells ingest or engulf other cells or particles |
| IgG stands for what? | Immunoglobulin G |
| IgG | found in body fluids, smallest but most common antibodies |
| What correlates with smoking and the physiology of the mouth? | lowered inflammatory response, alterations in vascular response |
| What is less when smoking is involved with our physiology? | GCF. BOP, gingival blood vessels, oxygen concentration in tissues/ |
| What changes occur when smoking changes our physiology? | lead to decreased blood flow and decreased signs of inflammation |
| What is the response of smoking to nonsurgical periodontal therapy? | less pocket depth and gain in attachment |
| What is the response of smoking to surgical periodontal therapy? | less favorable response than non-smokers, almost the same as nonsurgical periodontal therapy |
| Many smokers are what? | refractory (90% are smokers) |
| Smoking and maintenance therapy include what? | more plaque, deeper pockets, less gain in attachment |
| When is smoking more common? | low income, less educated |
| When is smoking higher in prevalence? | males than females and non Hispanic black men |
| T/F Former smokers had lower odds of periodontal disease as the number of years since quitting increased | True |
| T/F Even with the use of antimicrobials, nonsurgical periodontal therapy still has less pocket depth reduction. | True |
Created by:
daisenmurray
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