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Chapter 13 Vocab.

China

TermDefinition
Yangdi Second member of Sui dynasty; murdered his father to gain throne; restored Confucian examination system; responsible for construction of Chinese canal system; assassinated in 618
Li Yuan Also known as Duke of Tang; minister for Yangdi; tool over empire following the assassination of Yangdi; first emperor of Tang dynasty; took imperial title of Gaozu
Chang'an Capital of Tang dynasty; population of 2 million, larger than any other city in the world at the time.
Ministry of Rites Administrated examinations to students from Chinese government schools or those recommended by distinguished by scholars
jinshi Title granted to students who passed the most difficult Chinese examination on all Chinese literature; became immediate dignitaries and eligible for high office.
Pure land Buddhism Emphasized salvationist aspects of Chinese Buddhism; popular among the masses of Chinese society
Chan Buddhism Known as Zen in Japan; stressed meditation and appreciation of natural and artistic beauty; popular with member of elite Chinese society.
Zen Buddhism Known as Chan Buddhism in China; stressed meditation and appreciation of natural and artistic beauty.
Empress Wu Tang ruler 690-750 c.e in China; supported Buddist establishment; tried to elevate Buddhism to state religion; had multistory statues of Buddha created.
Wuzong Chinese emperor of Tang dynasty who openly persecuted Buddhism by destroying monasteries in 840s; reduced influence of Chinese Buddhism in favor of Confucian ideology.
Xuanzong Leading Chinese emperor of the Tang dynasty who reigned from 713 to 755, although he encouraged overexpansion.
Yang Guifei Royal concubine during reign of Xuanzong; introduction of her relatives into royal administration led to revolt.
Zhao Kuanguin Founder of Song dynasty; originally a general following the fall of Tang; took title of Taizu; failed to overcome northern Liao dynasty that remained independent.
Liao dynasty Founded in 907 by nomadic Khitan peoples from Manchuria; maintained independence from Song dynasty in China
Khitians Nomadic peoples of Machuria; militarily superior to Song dynasty China but influence by Chinese culture; forced humiliating treaties in Song China in 11th century
Zhu Xi Most prominent of neo-Confucian scholars during the Song Dynasty in China; stressed importance of applying philosophical principles to everyday life and action.
Tangut Rulers of Xi Xia Kingdom of northwest China; one of regional kingdoms during the period of southern Song; conquered by mongols in 1226
Xi Xia Kingdom of Tangut people, north of Song kingdom, in mid-11th century; collected tribute that drained Song resources and burdened Chinese peasantry
Wang Anshi Confician scholar and chief minister of a Song emperor in 1070s; introduced sweeping reforms based in Legalists; advocated greater state intervention in society.
Jurchens Founder of the Jin kingdom that succeeded the Liao in northern China; annexed most of the Yellow River basin and forced Song to flee to south
Jin Kingdom north of the Song Empire; established by Jurchens in 1115 after overthrowing Liao dynasty; ended in 1234
Southern Song Rump state of Song dynasty from 1127 to 1279; carved out of the much larger domains ruled by the Tang and northern Song; culturally one of the most glorious reign in Chinese history.
Grand Canal Built in 7th century during reign of Yangdi during sui dynasty; designed to link the original centers of Chinese civilization on the north China plain with the Yangtze river basin to the south; nearly 1200 miles long
Junks Chinese ships equipped with watertight bulkheads, sternpost rudder, compasses, and bamboo fenders; dominant force in Asian seas east of the Malayan peninsula
Flying money Chinese credit instrument that provided credit vouchers to merchants to be redeemed at the end of the voyage; reduced danger of robbery; early form of currency.
Footbinding Practice in Chinese society of mutilation women's feet in order to make them smaller; produced pain and restricted women's movement; made it easier to confine women to household.
Li Bo Most famous poet of the Tang era; blended images of the mundane world with philosophical musings. The name is alternately spelled Li Bo and Li Bai
Created by: gabriellep617
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