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Chapter 13 Vocab.

China

TermDefinition
Yangdi Second member of Sui dynasty; murdered his father to gain throne; restored Confucian examination system; responsible for construction of Chinese canal system; assassinated in 618
Li Yuan (566-635)Also known as Duke of Tang; minister for Yangdi; took over empire following assassination of Yangdi; first emperor of Tang dyanasty; took imperaltitle of Gaozu
Chang'an Capital of Tang dyasty; popular of 2 million, larger than any other city in the world at that time
Ministry of Rites Administered examination to students of Chinese government schools or those recommended by distinguished scholars
Jinshi Title granted to students who passed the most difficult Chinese examination on all of Chinese literature; became immediate dignitaries and gligible for high office
Pure land Buddhism Emphasized salvationist aspects of Chinese Buddhism; popular among masses of Chinese asociety
Chan Buddhism Knows as Zen in Japan; stressed medita6tion and appreciation of natural and artistic beauty; popular with membersof elite Chinese society
Zen Buddhism Known as Chan Buddhism in China; stressed meditation and the appreciation of natural beauty and artistic beauty
Empress Wu Tang ruler 6990-705 c.e in China; supported Buddhist establishment; tried to elevate Buddhism to state religion; had multistory status of Buddha created
Wuzong Chinese emperor of Tang dynasty who openly persecuted Buddhism by destroying monasteries in 840s; reduced influence of Chinese Buddhism in favor of Confucian ideology
Xuanzong Leading Chinese emperor of the Tang dynasty who reigned from 713 to 755, although he encouraged overexpansion
Yang Guifei (719-756) Royal concubine during reign of Xuanzong; introduction of her relatives into royal admission led to revolt
Zhao Kuangyin (r.960-976) Founder of Song dynasty; originally a general following fall of Tang; took title of Taizu; failed to overcome northern Liao dynasty that remained intependent
Liao Founded in 907 by nomadic Khitan peoples from Manchuri; maintained independence from Song dynasty in Cina
Khitans Nomadic peoples of Manchuri; military superior of Song dynasty China but influenced by Chinese culture; forced humiliating treaties on Song China in 11th century
Junks Chinese ships equipped with watertight bulkheads, sternpost rubbers, compasses, and bamboo fenders, dominant force in Asisn seas east of the Malyan peninsula
Flying Money Chinese credit instrument that provided credit vouchers to merchants to be redeemed at the end of the voyage; reduced danger of robbery; early form of currency
Footbinding Practice in Chinese society of multitasking women's feet in order to make them smaller; produced pain and restricted women's movement; ,made it easier to confine women to the household
Li Bo (701-762) Most famous poet of Tang era; blended images of the mundane world with philosophical musings. The name is alternately spelled Li Po and Li Bai
Zhu Xi (1130-1200) Most prominent of neo-Confuian scholars during the Song Ddynasty in China; stressed importance of applying philosophical principles to everyday life and action
Neo- Confucians Revived anicent Confucian teaching in Song era China; great impact on the dynasties that followed; their emphasis on tradition and hostility to foreign systems made Chinese rulers and bureaucrats less receptive to outside ideas and influences
Tangut Rulers of Xia kingdom of northwest Chins; omne of regional kingdoms during period of southern Song; rconquered by Mongols in 1226
Xi Xia Kingdom of Tangut people, north of Song kingdom, in mid-11th century; collected tribute that drained Song resources and burdened Chinese peasantry
Wang Anshi Confucian scholar and chief minister of a Song emperor in 107s; introduced sweeping reforms based on Legalist; advocate greater state intervention in society
Jurchens Founders of the Jin kingdom that succeed the Liao in northern China; annexed most of the Yellow River basin and forced Song to flee to south
Jin Kingdom north of the Song empire; established by Jurchens in 1115 after overthrowing Liao dynasty; ended in 1234
Southern Song Rump state of Song dynasty from 1127 to 1279; carved out of the much larger domains ruled by the Tang and northern Song; culturally one of the most glorious reigns in Chinese history
Grand Canal Built in the 7th century during the reign of Yangdi during Sui dynasty; designed to link the original centers of Chinese civilization on the north China plain with the Yangtze river basin to the south; nearly 1200 miles long
Created by: taylor_sweet
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