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Neuro

Muscle/Movement Impairment Terminology

TermDefinition
Akinesia Inability to initiate movement (Parkinson's disease)
Asthenia Generalized weakness, secondary to cerebellar pathology
Ataxia Inability to perform coordinated movements
Athetosis Condition that presents with involuntary movements combined w/ instability of posture
Bradykinesia Movement that is slow
Chorea Movements are sudden, random, and involuntary
Clasp-knife response In a hypertonic joint, the greatest resistance is at the initiation of a range of movement that lessens with movement through the entire range
Clonus Involuntary alternating spasmodic contraction precipitated by a quick stretch reflex; characteristic of an UMN lesion
Cogwheel rigidity Resistance to movement has a phasic quality to it; often seen in Parkinson's disease
Dysdiadochokinesia Inability to perform rapid alternating movements
Dysmetria Inability to control the range of a movement and the force of muscular activity
Dystonia Closely related to athetosis, however, there is larger axial muscle involvement rather than appendicular mm
Fasciculation Muscular twitch caused by random discharge of a LMN and its muscle fibers; suggests LMN disease, however, can be benign
Hemiballism Involuntary and violent movement of a large body part
Kinesthesia Ability to perceive the direction and extent of movement of a joint or body part
Lead pipe rigidity There is uniform and constant resistance to ROM; often associated w/ lesions of the basal ganglia
Rigidity State of severe hypertonicity where a sustained muscle contraction does not allow for any movement at a specified joint
Tremor Involuntary, rhythmic, oscillatory movements secondary to a basal ganglia lesion.
Created by: glopez111
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