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Periodic Table
Vocabulary for Matter and Elements
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Matter | Anything that has mass and takes up space |
Mass | The material that matter is made up of |
Volume | How much space matter takes up |
Density | D=m/v The amount of material/stuff mass in a specific volume of space |
Atom | Smallest part of an element, the building blocks of all matter |
Electron | Particle of an atom with a negative charge, moves around the nucleus and has an attractive force that allows it to bond with other atoms creating everything in the universe |
Proton | Particle of an atom with a positive charge located inside the nuecleus |
Neutron | Particle of an atom with a neutral / no charge located inside the nucleus along with the proton |
Periodic Table | Large grid that identifies and classifies all the elements by their chemical and physical properties. |
Element | The simplest substances that cannot be broken down/ they make up all matter in the universe |
Periods/Rows | Rows that tell how many energy levels each elements has for the electrons to move around |
Groups/families/Columns | Columns that tell how many valence electrons each element has /the number of electrons that can move on its outer shell |
Valence Electrons | The electrons that move on the outer shell / energy level of an atom |
Atomic Number | How many protons an element has inside the nucleus / usually is same # of neutrons and electrons |
Atomic Mass | The measurement of the mass for an elements atoms |
Chemical Property | The ability of substances to combine with one another forming new and different compounds and molecules |
Physical Property | The state of matter and appearance of a substance |
Ionic Bond | When elements either lose or gain an electron during bonding |
Covalent Bond | When electrons share electons during bonding |
Chemical Change / Reaction | Elements bond together through the attractive force of electrons creating some type of reaction |
Compound / Molecule | Two or more elements combine together in a specific ratio / pattern creating a whole, new and different substance |
Mixture | Two or more elements combine together keeping their original properties they DO NOT CHANGE into a whole substance / compound |
Nobel Gases |