click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Periodic Table
Vocabulary For Matter and Elements
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Matter | anything that has mass and takes up space |
mass | material that is made up of matter |
volume | how much space matter takes up |
density | the amount of material that takes up space |
atom | the building blocks of matter and the smallest part of an element |
electron | particle of the atom the surrounds the nucleus and has attractive forces with other atoms and has a negative and positive charge |
proton | a positive electric charge equal to that of an electron, but of opposite sign |
neutron | part of an atom found in the nucleus and has a negative charge |
periodic table | a grid that groups and classify the elements into columns by their chemical and physical properties |
period/rows | periods tell how many energy levels are around the nucleus and the columns tell us how many atoms are in the energy level |
groups/columns | the number of electrons that can move out of their outer shell and their energy levels |
valence electrons | its the energy level of atoms and electrons that move out of the outer shell |
atomic number | same number of neutrons and electrons |
atomic mass | the measurement of the mass for atoms in an element |
chemical property | the ability of substances to combine with each other creating a new molecule and compound |
physical property | the appearance of a substance and its state of matter |
ionic bond | elements lose or gain an electron during bonding |
covalent bond | elements share electrons during bonding |
chemical bonding/reaction | a type of reaction and change and were elements bond together through attractive force |
compound/molecule | elements combined together in a specific pattern creating new substances |
mixture | is when two or more things combine keeping the original form |
Nobel gases | they have 18 electrons in their outer shell |
halogens | they bond easily with other elements and they are stable |
alkali metals | they are very reactive and they only have one valence electrons |
metalloids | elements between metals and non-metals that can react either way, they have 3-7 valence electrons |