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minerals
chapter 4
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Mineral | A naturally occurring inorganic solid that has a crystal structure and a definite chemical composition |
element | A substance composed of a single kind of Atom |
compound | Two or more elements are combined so that the elements no longer have distinct properties |
Properties | Hardness, Color, Streak, Density, Luster |
Cleavage | A mineral that splits easily along flat surfaces has the property called CLEAVAGE |
Fracture | When a mineral breaks in an irregular way |
Fluorescene | Minerals that glow under ultraviolet light have a property know as fluorescene |
What two ways are minerals formed? | Through crystallization of melted materials and through the crystallization of materials dissolved in water |
Vein | A narrow channel or slab of a mineral that is much different from the surrounding rock |
Solution | A mixture in which one substance dissolves in another |
Gemstone | A hard colorful mineral that has a brilliant or glassy luster |
Ore | A rock that contains a metal or economically useful mineral |
3 Types of Mines | Strip, Open pit mines and shaft Mines |
Alloy | A solid mixture of two or more metals |
Smelting | removing the metals from the ore |
What are the Five steps to smelting? | Iron ore is crushed, |
Crystals | The repeating pattern of a minerals particles |
Name Six Types of Crystal Systems | Magnetite, Quartz, Rutile, Sulfur, Azurite, Microcline Feldspar |
Prospector | Anyone who searches or "prospects" for an ore deposit |
Rock forming minerals | 20 minerals that make up the earths crust |
Characteristics of a mineral? | Naturally occurring, Inorganic, Solid, Crystal Structure, definite chemical composition, |
What are the properties of a mineral? | Hardness, Color, Streak, Luster, Density |
How would properties be used to identify minerals? | Each mineral has its own specific properties that can be used to identify it |
Stainless steel | An alloy of iron, chromium, and nickel- it doesn't rust |
Pyrite | Fools gold - Iron and sulfur |