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Plant ID
Horticulture 1
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Acer palmatum (Japanese Maple) | Height: 15-25’ ●Spread: equal spread ●Leaf: Opposite, Star, Palmate, Serrate-Lobed (5-9) ●Light-Dark Green, Reds & Purples ●Fruit: Samara ●Part Shade |
| Acer rubrum (Red Maple) | Height: 40-60’ ●Spread: equal spread ●Leaf: Opposite, Star, Serrate-Lobed (3-5), Palmate ●Gray cast underneath leaf ●Flower: Red Cluster (Spring) ●Part shade-Sun |
| Betula nigra (River Birch) | ●Height: 40-70’ ●Spread: 40-60’ ●Leaf: Alternate, Elliptical, Serrrate, Pinnate ●Fruit: Nut ●Bark exfoliates ●Part Shade ●Moist soils |
| Cercis canadensis (Eastern Red Bud or Judas Tree) | ●Height: 20-30’ ●Spread: 25-35’ ●Leaf: Opposite, Cordate, Entire, Palmate ●Flower: Purple/Pink Cluster (Spring) ●Fruit: Pod ●Stems in zig-zag ●Shade-Sun |
| Cornus florida (Flowering Dogwood) | ●Height: 20’ ●Spread: equal spread ●Leaf: Opposite, Ovate, Entire, Pinnate ●Flower: White/Pink Head (Spring) ●Fruit: Red Drupe ●Part shade |
| Lagerstroemia indica (Crape Myrtle) | ●Height: 15-25’ ●Spread: 10-15’ ●Leaf: Opposite, Elliptical, Entire, Pinnate ●Flower: Panicle (Red, White, Pink, Purple) ●Fruit: Brown Capsule ●Sun |
| Liquidambar styraciflua (Sweetgum) | ●Height: 60-75’ ●Spread: 40-50’ ●Leaf: Alternate, Star, Serrated/Lobed, Pinnate ●Fruit: Brown Synacarp (Can be a problem) ●Sun |
| Malus (Flowering Crabapple) | ●Leaf: Alternate, Elliptical, Serrate, Pinnate ●Flower: Head (Pink or White) ●Fruit: Small Pome ●Sun |
| Prunus serrulata (‘Kwanzan’ Japanese Flowering Cherry) | ●Leaf: Alternate, Elliptical, Serrated, Pinnate ●Flower: Pink or White ●Bark has horizontal lenticels ●Part shade - Sun |
| Pyrus calleryana (Bradford Pear) | ●Leaf: Alternate, Ovate, Crenate, Pinnate ●Flower: White head (smells like dog pee) ●Fruit: Bitter pome ●Sun ●Very popular for its symmetrical form |
| Quercuspalustris (Pin Oak) | ●Height: 60-70’ ●Spread: 35-40’ ●Leaf:Alternate, Pinnate, 5-9 lobes (sinuses like a “U”) ●Flower: Brown Catkin ●Fruit: Acorn ●Part shade – Sun ●Fast growing oak |
| Quercus phellos (Willow Oak) | ●Height: 40-60’ ●Spread: 30-40’ ●Leaf: Linear, Entire, Alternate, Pinnate ●Flower: Brown Catkin ●Fruit: Acorn ●Part shade – Sun ●Best oak for overall texture and form |
| Berberis thunbergii (Japanese Barberry) | ●Height & Width: 3-5’ ●Environment: Sun ●Spines (thorns) along stem ●Cultivars come in varying colors ●Extremely adaptable and withstands dry conditions |
| Euonymus alatus (Winged Euonymus) | ●Height: 5-8’ ●Width: 3-5’ ●Environment: Sunshade ●Used a lot on highway median because it is very durable ●Leaves turn brillant red in fall ●Stems have wings |
| Forsythia x intermedia (Border Forsythia) | ●Height: 8-10’ ●Width: 7-10’ ●Environment: Sun ●Flower: Yellow head shape (sign of spring coming) ●Occurs on old wood ●Stem is four sided and has noticeable lenticels |
| Norfolk Island Pine Aracauria heterophylla | ● Height: 1-8’ ● Spread: 1-4’ ● Small tree with whorled branching ● Soft green needles ● Moisture: Let dry slightly ● Fertilizer: 2x/month (spring-summer) & 1x/month (fallwinter) ● Light: High |
| Sprengeri Fern Asparagus densiflorus ‘sprengeri’ | ● Height: 18-24" ● Spread: 18-24" ● Lime green stems with needle-like leaves ● Moisture: Dry slightly ● All-purpose fertilizer during growing season ● Light: High ● Red Berries |
| Spider Plant Chlorophytum comosum | ● Height:1-3' ● Spread: 1-33' ● Arching leaves that support plantlets; has a yellow or white stripe ● ½" White Flower ● Reduce wateringin winter, but moist spring summer |
| Dumbcane Dieffenbachia maculata | ● Height: 6' ● Spread: 2' ● Elliptical thick, dark green-yellow leaves ● Moisture: Dry slightly ● Fertilize: 2x/month (spring-summer) ● Light: Medium ● Juices can temporarily paralyze vocal cords |
| Golden Pothos Epipremnum aureum | ● Vine ● Cordate, leathery leaves; bright green and marbled in yellow or white ● Moisture: Evenly Light: High ● Fertilize lightly throughout growing season. |
| Poinsettia Euphorbia pulcherrima | ● Height: 1-3' ● Spread: 1-3' ● Large red, pink, white or bicolor bracts with inconspicious flowers ● Native to Mexico ● Needs 14-18 hours of dark to change color (Short-day plant) ● Moisture: Evenly ● Light: high ● Prune to keep plants dense |
| Weeping Fig Ficus benjamina | ● Height: 8' ● Tough, leathery, shiny leaves with wavy margins ● Fertilize monthly ● Light: High ● Will lose most of its leaves if moved but will recover |
| Rubber Plant Ficus elastica ‘Decora’ | ● Height: 6' ● Leaves are thick, glossy, leathery and have a maroon midrib ● Light: low ● Milky substance inside leaf. |
| Prayer Plant Maranta leuconeura ‘Kerchoviana’ | ● Height: 12-15" ● Satiny foliage with red veins or dark spots. ● Leaves curl at night ● Light: Medium |
| Boston Fern Nephrolepis exaltata | ● Height: 2' ● Spread: 2' ● Fronds up to 3' long with upright and arching habit ● Light: High ● Outside-morning sun and afternoon shade |
| Parlor Ivy Philodendron scandens | ● Vining ● Heart-shaped leaves, typically with purple or brown undersides ● Stipules turn brown and fall off ● Light: Low ● Vigorous climber |
| Swedish Ivy Plectranthus australis | ● Vining ● Waxy, leathery leaves with scalloped edges ● Spikes of white flowers appear occasionally ● Light: High ● Good for hanging baskets |
| African Violet Saintpaulia ionantha | ● Height: 2-10" ● Width: 2-24" ● Leaves in rosettes ● Flower cluster in shades of pink, white and purple ● Keep evenly moist ● Fertilize all year ● Light: Medium ● Take leaf cuttings |
| Dwarf Schefflera Schefflera arboricola | ● Height: 10-12' ● Width: 1-4' ● 5-6 leaflets in a palmate arrangement ● Allow to get dry before watering again ● Light: Medium - High ● Stem cuttings or air layer |
| Peace Lily Spathiphyllum | ● Height: 2-8' ● Large elliptical, shiny leaves (Basal) ● White spathe and spadix (low bloom in low light) ● Keep evenly moist ● Fertilze monthly |
| Wandering Jew Tradescantia zebrina | ● Height: 8-16" ● Width: 10-36" ● Purple, silver and green stirped leaves ● Tiny, purple flowers ● Evenly moist ● Light: High ● Stem cuttings ● Good for hanging baskets |
| Leyland Cypress X Cupressocyparis leylandii | ● Height: 100' ● Spread: Narrow pyramid ● Scale leaves that are flattened ● Full Sun ● Used as a ● Problems: Bag worms & shallowroots |
| Southern Magnolia Magnolia grandiflora | ● Height: 60-80' ● Spread: 30-50' ● Alternate,Elliptical, Entire& Pinnate Leaves ● Glossy top and brown underneath ● Creamy white 10" wide flower |
| Mugo Pine Pinus mugo | ● Height: up to 10' ● Spread: up to 15' ● 1-3" long needles, 2 per fasicle ● Sun-Part Shade ● Problems: Scale insects |
| Eastern White Pine Pinus strobus | ● Height: 50-80' ● Spread: 20-40' ● 5 needles per fasicle that have a thin white line on the middle ● Leaves appear to have a bluish green hint ● Sun |
| Loblolly Pine Pinus taeda | ● Height: 50-80' ● Spread: 30-35' ● Needle like leaves 12-18" (3 per fascile) ● Full Sun ● Acidic Soil ● One Central Leader |
| Glossy Abelia Abelia x grandiflora | ● Height: 4-6' ● Spread: 3-5' ● 1-1.5" long glossy green leaves ● Pinkish-white tube shaped flowers (summer) ● Semi-shade |
| Common Boxwood Buxus sempervirens | ● Height: 3-8' ● Spread: 3-4' ● Simple with white midrib on underside ● Part shade ● Used as a hedge along a building |
| Evergreen Euonymus Euonymus japonica | ● Height: 5-10' ● Width: 5-8' ● Waxy, solid green and golden edged leaves (variegated will revert to solid-must prune off) ● Opposite, simple, obovate & serrated ● Stem-squarish ● Shade-Sun ● Problems: Leaf spot, euonymous scale aphids |
| Dwarf Burford Holly Ilex cornuta 'Dwarf Burford' | ● Height: 5-6' ● Width: 4-6' ● Oblong leaves with 1-3 spines at top and slight recurve ● Sun-shade |
| Fosteri Holly Ilex x attenuata 'Fosteri | ● Height: 20-30' ● Width: 7-10' ● 1-4 spines down the upper half of leaf ● Alternate, simple, ellipticovate,& glossy ● Cluster of berries in fall/winter ● Typical Pyramid shape |
| Helleri Holly Ilex crenata 'Helleri' | ● Height: 4' ● Width: 5' ● Wedge-based leaves with crenate margins, flat & ½" long ● Mounding habit ● Sun-shade |
| Dwarf Yaupon Ilex vomitoria 'Nana' | ● Height: 3-5' ● Width: 4-6' ● Green-reddish brown leaves ● Alternate, simple, ovate, & crenate ● Gray stems ● Sun-shade ● Drought tolerant |
| Shore Juniper Juniperus conferta | ● Height: 1-2' ● Spread: 6-9' ● Awl shaped (1/2" long) and usually in 3's ● Stomata band with bluish-green underside ● Blue berry ● Sun-part shade ● Will grow on beach dunes or in clay |
| Ajuga | •Height: up to 2” •Spread: 6-12” •Spatulate leaves •Purple, pink, white spike flower •Low ground cover that forms dense mat or mound •Part Shade |
| Florist Chrysanthemum Chrysanthemum moriflorum | •Height: 12-36" •Spread: 16-36" •Lobed, Elliptical leaves •Fall bloom (can be forced at anytime) •Sun •Short-day plant •Must be pruned 3x throughout the year to come back |
| Canna Canna x generallis | •Height: 1-5’ •Spread: 15-18” •Flower as a spike in whites to shades of yellow, red, orange and pink •Leaves are rolled at stem then spread to elliptical shape with noticeable bronze or green veins and foliage |
| Shasta Daisy Chrysanthemum x superbum | •Height: 12-36" •Spread: 16-36" •Serrated, Spatulate leaves •Flower: JuneAugust (yellow center) •Divide and replant every 2-3 years |
| English Ivy Hedera helix • | •Height: Vine •Spread: 12" •Star-shaped leaves available in variegated form •Part shade-shade •Can be invasive |
| Day Lily Hemerocalis | •Height: 1-4' •Spread: 18-24" •Flowers in all colors (bi-colored) •Narrow leaf with a crease down the center •Sun |
| Hosta Hosta sp. | •Height: 6-36" •Spread: 12-24" •Flowers clusters in white to purple •Foliage is green, blue, or variegated with white or cream. •Spatulate shape leaf •Shade |
| Bearded Iris Iris x germanica var. florentine | •Height: 8-36" •Spread: 10-18" •Spike flowers of yellow, orange, white, lilac, purple and bicolor-has a yellow beard in center •Leaves are sword shaped and flat |
| Liriope Liriope muscari | •Height: 12-18" •Spread: 12-15" •Wider grass-like foliage greenvariegated •Flowers are white or shade or purple spikes •Sun-shade |
| Mondo Grass Ophiopogon japonicus | •Height: 6-10" •Spread: 12" •Foliage is thin grass-like typically dark green-black •Flowers and berries hidden in foliage •Sun-shade |
| Ageratum Ageratum mexicanum | •Height: 4-12" •Spread: 6-9" •Cottony flowers in clusters •Cordate, bright green leaves •Part shade |
| Wax Begonia Begonia x semperflorens | •Height: 6-12” •Spread: 6-8” •Waxy, rounded leaves with hairs at tips •Flowers in red, pink, white with yellow center •Planted in masses •Light: Shade |
| Coleus | •Height: 1-3’ •Spread: 18-24” •Contrasting leaves with green, yellow, white, pink, red, orange and purple •Used to add color in shade gardens •Light: Part Shade |
| Impatiens | •Height: 12-24" •Spread: 12-15" •Masses of 1" blooms in various colors cover bright green foliage •Excellent for shady beds and beneath trees as well as in containers •Pinch back for added flower production •Light: Shade |
| Geranium Pelargonium x hortorum | •Height: 12-24” •Spread: 12” •Cordate, fuzzy leaves with umbel flowers •Red, White, Pink •May have zonalsshow when in the sun •Light: Sun-Part Shade |
| Ivy Leaf Geranium Pelargonium peltatum | •Height: Vining • Clusters of flowers at end of stems with leathery scalooped leaves •White, red, peppermint, pink flowers in umbel •Deadhead •Sun-Part Shade |
| Petunia | •Height: 6-18" •Spread: 12-14" •White, Red, Purple & Yellow tube shaped flower •Can get in trailing varieties •Sun-Part Shade |
| Salvia splendens | •Height: 1-3’ •Spread: 12” •Ovate dark green leaves •Flowers on spikes in red, white, purple and bicolor •Sun |
| Marigold Tagetes erecta | •Height: 6-36” •Spread: 12-18” •Compound leaves •Yellow and orange flowers •Strong scentedgood to put in vegetable garden to repel pests •Needs deadheading •Sun |
| Pansy Viola x wittrockiana | •Height: 6-10" •Spread: 6-8" •Ovate, crenate leaves •Head shaped flower in purple, white, red or yellow •Grows in late fall and winter •Sun-Part Shade |
Created by:
Selena Li
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