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APUSH
CH. 21
| Terms | Description | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Henry Street Settlement House in Lower East Side Manhattan | led by Lillian Wald, Mary Brewster, Jacob Schiff | community medical services from the inside |
| progressivism | best described as varied collection of reform communities, often fleeting, uniting citizens in a host of political, professional, and religious organizations, some of which were national in scope. | |
| P as a political movement | ending political corruptions, bringing more businesslike methods to governing, and offering a more compassionate legislative response to the excesses of industrialism. | |
| P as a national movements | reached peak in 1912 when four major presidential candidates all ran on some version of progressive platform. | |
| P opposed excesses of industrial capitalism and urban growth | optimistic about the ability of citizens to improve social and economic conditions. | |
| P rejected idea of individualistic economy | opposed social Darwinism | |
| P believed in active citizens, politically and morally, to improve social conditions | pushed for stronger govt. in regulating economy and solving nation's social problems | |
| P rhetoric and methods drew on two distinct sources | evangelical Protestantism: rejection of theory that original sin is the cause of human suffering and obligation of purging the world of poverty, inequality, and economic injustices | social and natural scientists who are trained in statistical analyses and engineering in order to make govt. and industry more efficient |
| Hull House (1889) in Chicago | the first settlement house founded bout Jane Addams | |
| Florence Kelley | Hull House Maps and Papers (1895): described urban poverty in in America | est. with Lillian Wald: New York Child Labor Committee and pushed for U.S. Children's Bureau (1912) led by Julia Lathrop |
| initiative | procedure by which citizens can introduce a subject for legislation, usually through a petition signed by a specific number of voters | |
| referendum | submission of a law ,proposed or already in effect, to a direct popular vote for approval or rejection | |
| direct primary | allowed voters to cross party lines | |
| recall | the process of removing an official from office by popular vote, usually after using petitions to call for such a vote | |
| wester progressives | targeted political parties, railroads, mining and timber companies and public utilities for reform | |
| south progressives | were white supremacists | stronger "Jim Crow" laws, understand and grandfather clauses |
| Jacob Riis | HOW THE OTHER HALF LIVES (1890) | a portrait of New York City's poor |
| S.S. McClure | MCCLURE'S (1893) | first large-circulation magazine |
| Lincoln Steffens | THE SHAME OF THE CITIES (1902) | revealed the widespread graft at the center of American urban politics |
| Ida Tarbell | HISTORY OF STANDARD OIL COMPANY (1904) | |
| "exposer journalism" | ||
| Upton Sinclair | The Jungle (1906) | |
| Lester Frank Ward | DYNAMIC SOCIOLOGY (1883) | |
| National Board of Censorship (NBC) | ||
| Americanization through public schools | ||
| Elwood Cubberley | CHANGING CONCEPTIONS OF EDUCATION (1909) | |
| Smith-Hughes Act of 1917 | provided federal grants to support these programs and set up Federal Board for Vocational Education | |
| barrios | distinct communities of Mexicans | El Paso: most thoroughly Mexican city in U.S. |
| New York City | became center for Jewish immigration and AMerica's huge ready-to-wear clothing industry | |
| The Uprising of 20000 | swept through New York's garment district | |
| Triangle Shirtwaist Company fire | March 25, 1911 | |
| Colorado Fuel and Iron Company | employed roughly half of the 8000 coal miners who labored in state's mines | |
| United Mine Workers of America | AFL affiliate | |
| Danbury Hatter's Case (Loewe v. Lawler, 1908 | federal court ruled secondary boycotts aimed by strikers at other companies doing business with their employer were illegal under the Sherman Antitrust Act | |
| Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) | wobblies-union members | William D. "Big Bill" Haywood |
| Bohemian rebels | bohemian-referred to anyone who had artistic or intellectual aspirations and who lived with disregard for conventional rules of behavior | Greenwich Village |
| General Federation of Women's Clubs 1890 | brought together 200 local clubs, representing 20000 women | |
| National Consumers' League 1898 | started by Maud Nathan and Josephine Lowell | embodied ideal of "social housekeeping." |
| Margaret Sanger | Coined "Birth Control" | Woman Rebel |
| Niagara movement | African American group organized in 1905 to promote racial integration, civil and political rights, and equal access to economic opportunity | |
| National Association for the Advancement of Colored People | interracial organization co-founded by W.E.B. Du Bois in 1910 dedicated to restoring African American political and social rights | |
| Women's convention of the National Baptist Convention | largest black denomination in the U.S. offered African American women a new public space to pursue reform work and racial uplift |
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