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Astronomy Part 1

TermDefinition
astronomy the science that deals with materials beyond earth's atmosphere
geocentric having earth as the center of the universe
heliocentric having the sun as the center of the universe
retrograde motion apparent motion of a planet to move in a direction opposite to that of other bodies within its system
ellipse a regular oval shape, traced by a point moving in a plane so that the sum of its distances from two other points (the foci) is constant, or resulting when a cone is cut by an oblique plane that does not intersect the base
astronomical unit (AU) a unit of length
rotation turning around is if on an axis
revolution the orbiting of one heavenly body around another
precession the slow, conical motion of the earth's axis of rotation
perhelion point in orbit when a planet or comet is closest to the sun
aphelion point in orbit when a planet or comet is furthest away from the sun
perigee the point in the orbit of a heavenly body, especially the moon, or man made satellite when its is closest to the earth
apogee the point in the orbit of a heavenly body, especially the moon, or man made satellite when it is farthest from earth
phases of the moon the different ways the sun casts light on the moon, change depending on where the moon is in its revolution
solar eclipse obscuration of the light of the sun by the intervention of the moon between it and the point on the earth
lunar eclipse obscuration of the light of the moon by the intervention of the earth between it and the sun
crater the circular or almost circular area havig a depressing floor (on the moon)
terrestrial planet inner planets
jovian planet any of the four large outer planets: saturn, jupiter, uranus, neptune
nebula a cloud of interstellar gas and dust
planetesiaml one of the small celestial bodies that according to one theory were fused together to form the planets of the solar system
asteroid minor planet; any of the thousands of small bodies that revolve around the sun in orbits lying in between Mars and Jupiter
comet a celestial body usually moving about the sun, usually in a highly eccentric orbit, consisting of a central mass surrounded by an envelope of dust and gas that may form a tail that streams away from the sun
coma the nebulous envelope around the nucleus of the comet
meteoroid any of the small bodies, often remnants of comets, traveling through space
meteor a meteoroid that has entered earth's atmosphere
meteorite a mass of stone or metal that has reached the earth from outer space; a fallen meteoroid
electromagnetic spectrum the entire spectrum of all kinds of electric, magnetic, and visible radiation
photon a quantum of electromagnetic radiation, usually considered as an elementary that is its own antiparticle and that has zero rest mass and charge and a spin of one
spectroscopy the science that deals with the use of the spectroscope and with spectrum analysis
doppler effect the shift in frequency of acoustic or electromagnetic radiation emitted by a source moving relative to an observer as percieved by the observer
refracting telescope an objective lens set into one end of a tube and an adjustable eyepiece or combination of lenses set into other end of tube that slides into the first and through which the object is viewed directly
reflecting telescope concave mirror that gathers light from object and focuses it into an adjustable eyepiece or combination of lenses through which the reflection of the object is enlarged and viewed
radio telescope a system consistiong of an antenna either parabolic or dipolar used to gather radio waves emitted by celestial sources and bring them to a receiver placed in focus
hubble telescope telescope launched into orbit around the earth to provide information about the universe in the visible, infrared, and ultraviolet ranges
space shuttle space vehicle
Created by: 3083291
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