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Organs
Medical Principles
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Brain - Centre of the nervous system | Controls body functions |
Skin – Skin | Outer protective cover of the body |
Spleen - Lymphatic system | Lies on underside of stomach. Produces antibodies / acts as a defence mechanism and controls the volume of blood circulating |
Liver - Digestive system | Factory of the body. Breaks down toxins |
Oesophagus - Digestive system | Gullet/food pipe. Transports food from throat to stomach |
Stomach - Digestive system | Receives food |
(Duodenum, Jejunum and Ileum) - Digestive system | Small intestine, Long tube from stomach to colon where digestion is completed and most absorption takes place |
Colon - Digestive system | Large intestine/Absorbs water and manufactures faeces |
Pancreas - Digestive system /Endocrine system | Gland below the stomach in the curve of the duodenum which produces insulin and pancreatic juice |
Gall bladder - Digestive system | Lies on underside of liver. Concentrates and stores bile for excretion into duodenum to aid digestion |
Pharynx - Respiratory system / digestive system | Throat |
Larynx - Respiratory system | Voice box (forms Adam’s Apple in the male) |
Trachea - Respiratory system | Wind pipe takes air to and from the lungs |
Bronchus - Respiratory system | Large airway passages transporting air into the lungs |
Lungs - Respiratory system | 2 organs lying in the chest in which the exchange of gasses takes place during breathing |
Heart - Cardio-vascular system | Muscular pump lying between the lungs which pumps to circulate blood around the body. |
Aorta - Cardio-vascular system | Main artery of the body. Carries oxygenated blood from the heart to the body |
Superior Vena cava / Inferior Vena Cava - Cardio-vascular | Main veins. Carry deoxygenated blood from the body back to the heart |
Arteries - Cardio-vascular system | Blood vessels which usually carry oxygenated blood away from the heart and around the body |
Veins - Cardio-vascular system | Blood vessels which usually carry de-oxygenated blood back to the heart |
Kidneys - Urinary system | The 2 organs in the body that produce urine |
Ureters - Urinary system | The tubes that connect the kidneys to bladder |
Bladder - Urinary system | The organ that holds urine prior to its excretion from the body |
Urethra - Urinary system/male reproductive system | Tube which carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body |
Ovaries - Female reproductive system | Female organs that produce eggs and hormones |
Fallopian/ uterine tubes - Female reproductive system | 2 tubes |
Uterus - Female reproductive system | Womb. Organ where the fetus grows |
Vagina - Female reproductive system | Birth canal. Organ which connects the womb to the outside of the body |
Mammary glands - Female reproductive system | Breasts. 2 organs situated at the front of the chest which produce milk to feed the newborn baby |
Vulva - Female reproductive system | External genitalia of the female |
Penis - Male reproductive system | Male organ through which the urethra passes |
Prostate Gland - Male reproductive system | Male gland |
Scrotum - Male reproductive system | Sac of skin lying outside of the body which contains the testes |
Testes - Male reproductive system | Male sex glands which lie in the scrotum and produce sperm and testosterone |
Epididymes - Male reproductive system | Male glands which lie above the testes allows sperm to become mature and mobile |
Vas Deferens - Male reproductive system | Tube through which sperm passes to be ejaculated from the body |