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Elements of Comm.
C132 - (WGU) elements of effective communication
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the five principles of communication? | Be aware, interpret verbal messages, interpret non-verbal messages, listen and respond, and adapt messages. |
| What does effective communication improve? | Your employability and your relationships. |
| Define communication. | The process of acting on information. |
| Define human communication. | The process of making sense out of the world and sharing that sense with others by creating meaning through verbal and non-verbal messages. |
| Define symbol. | A word, sound, gesture, or visual image that represents a though, concept, object or experience. |
| What are the goals of public speaking? | To inform, to persuade, or to entertain. |
| In small groups, what is usually the main goal? | To solve problems and make decisions. |
| Define ethics. | The beliefs, values, and moral principles by which we determine what is right or wrong. |
| Universal cultural norms consist of...? | Value of truth, respect for another persons dignity, and the expectation that innocent people should not suffer harm. |
| Define the communication-as-action model. | It is when communication takes place when a message is sent and received only. |
| Define source. | The originator of a thought or emotion who put it into a code that can be understood by a receiver. |
| Define encoding. | The process of translating ideas, feelings and thoughts into a code. |
| Define decoding. | The process of interpreting ideas, feelings and thoughts that have been translated into a code. |
| Define receiver. | The person who decodes a message and attempts to make sense of what the source has encoded. |
| Define message. | The written, spoken, and unspoken elements of communication to which people assign meaning. |
| Define channel. | The pathway through which messages are sent. |
| Define noise. | interference, either literal or psychological, that hinders the accurate encoding or decoding of a message. |
| What is the communication-as-interaction model? | Includes same elements as comm.-as-action model but also has feedback and context. |
| Define feedback. | The intentional or unintentional response to a message. |
| Define context. | The physical, historical, and psychological communication environment. |
| What is the communication-as-transaction model? | All interactions are simultaneous in which we send and receive messages concurrently. Occurs within a context. |
| Define mediated communication. | Any communication that is carried out using some channel other than those used in face-to-face communication. |
| What are some of the ways mediated communication is different than face-to-face comm? | Anonymity, less emphasis on personal appearance, distance, and timing/pacing of messages. |
| Define asynchronous communication. | Communication in which timing is out of sync; there is a time delay between when the message is sent and received. |
| Define synchronous communication. | Communication in which messages occur in real time; response to a message is immediate. |
| What are common characteristics of communication? | It is inescapable, irreversible, and it is complicated. |
| Define content dimension. | The new info, ideas, or suggested actions that a communicator wishes to express. |
| Define relationship dimension. | Aspect of a communication message that offers cues about the emotions, attitudes, and amount of power/control the speaker directs toward others. |
| Define rule. | A followable prescription that indicates what behavior is required or preferred and what behavior is prohibited in a specific situation. |
| What is intrapersonal communication? | Communication that occurs within your self, including your thoughts and emotions. |
| Define language. | A system of symbols (words or vocab.) structured by rules (grammar) that makes it possible for people to understand one another. |
| What is non-verbal communication? | Communication by means other than written or spoken language that creates meaning for someone else. |
| What is interpersonal communication? | Communication that occurs simultaneously between two people who attempt to mutually influence each other. |
| What is impersonal communication? | Communication that treats people as objects or that responds only to their roles. |
| What is small group communication? | Transactive process of creating meaning between a group of people who share a common purpose, feel a sense of belonging to the group and exert influence on one another. |
| A small group consists of how many people? | Three to fifteen people. |
| Define group. | Collection of people who have a common goal, feel a sense of belonging, and influence one another. |
| What is presentational communication? | Communication that occurs when a speaker addresses a gathering of people to inform, persuade, or entertain them. |
| Define rhetoric. | Process of using symbols to influence or persuade others. |
| What is mass communication? | Communication accomplished through mediated message that is sent to many people at the same time. |
| Define organizational communication? | Study of human communication as it occurs within organization. |
| What is health communication? | Study of communication that has an effect on human health. |
| What is critical thinking? | Process of logically evaluating reasons and evidence and reaching a judgment on the basis of this analysis. |
| What is selective exposure? | The tendency to seek and discover data that supports personal perceptions. |
| What is cause and effect? | Relationship between an event (the cause) and a second event (the effect) that is a direct consequence of the first. |
| Define reasoning. | Systematic process of reaching conclusions, inferences or judgements from the review of info, facts and evidence. |
| What is parataxic distortion? | The interpretation of a situation that has little or no basis in reality. |
| What is a syllogism? | A deductive scheme of a formal argument consisting of a major and minor premise that leads to conclusion. |
| Define self-awareness. | The capacity to observe and reflect on one's own mental states. |
| Define symbolic self-awareness. | Unique human ability to develop and communicate a representation of oneself to others through language. |
| Define self. | The sum of who you are as a person; your central inner force. |
| Define self concept. | Your interior identity or subjective description of who you think you are. |
| Define self-image. | Your views of yourself in a particular situation or circumstance. |
| What is the material self? | The element of the self reflected in all tangible things you own; your body, possessions, and home. |
| What is the social self? | Your concept of self as developed through your personal, social interactions with others. |
| What is the spiritual self? | Your concept of self based on your beliefs and your sense of who you are in relationship to other forces in the universe. |
| What is avowed identity? | An identity you assign to yourself and portray. |
| What is ascribed identity? | An identity assigned to you by others. |
| What is reframing? | Process of redefining events and experiences from different points of view. |
| What are the stages of perception? | Attention and selection, organization, and interpretation? |
| What does the stage attention and selection of stages of perception consist of? | Act of perceiving stimuli in your own environment and the act of choosing specific stimuli in your environment to focus on. |
| What does the stage organization of stages of perception consist of? | Converting information into convenient, understandable, and efficient patterns that allow us to make sense of what we have observed. |
| What does the stage interpretation of stages of perception consist of? | Attaching meaning to what is attended to, selected, and organized. |
| What is indirect perception checking? | Using your own perceptual abilities to seek additional information to confirm or refute your interpretations of someone's behavior. |
| What is direct perception checking? | Asking someone else whether your interpretations of what you perceive are correct. |
| What are the five elements of perception? | Stimulation, organization, interpretation, memory and recall. |
| What are some common communication barriers? | Culture, experiences, stereotypes, media, influences, filters and expectations. |
| Define denotative meaning. | The restrictive or literal meaning of a word (objective). |
| Define connotative meaning. | The personal and subjective meaning of a word. |
| Define concrete meaning. | Meaning that refers to something that can be perceived with one of the senses. |
| Define abstract meaning. | Meaning that refers to something that cannot be perceived or experienced with one of our senses. |
| What is allness? | Word barrier created through the use of language that reflects unqualified, often generalizations that deny individual differences of variations. |
| What is supportive communication? | Language that creates a climate of trust, caring and acceptance. |
| What is defensive communication? | Language that creates a climate of hostility and mistrust. |
| What is polarization? | Tendency to describe things in extremes as though no middle ground exists. |
| What are ways to create a supportive environment? | Describe your own feelings using "I" statements, focus on problem solving, be genuine and empathize. |
| What are affect displays? | Nonverbal behavior that communicates emotion. |
| What is a regulator? | Nonverbal behavior that helps control the interaction or level of communication between people. |
| What is an adaptor? | Nonverbal behavior that helps satisfy a personal need and allows a person to adapt or respond to the immediate situation. |
| What are the key elements of culture? | Society, learning, individual, and environment. |
| What are some ways to connect interculturally? | Empathy, collaboration, willingness, questioning, and similarities. |
| What is a brainstorming group? | Group in the work place that is created to generate ideas. |
| What is an informational group? | Group created to share information related to a particular topic or objective. |
| What is a learning group? | Group created to foster education and to create understanding. |
| What is a problem solving group? | Group created to help address a problem or issue. |
| What is a task group? | Group created to complete a job. |
| What is groupthink? | Process of members coming together in a dysfunctional manner to limit input, discussion, or alternate ideas. |
| What skills will help you be effective in a group? | Interpersonal skills, identifying with the group, staying focused, critical thinking skills, and being understanding. |
| What is public speaking? | Teachable, learnable process of developing, supporting, organizing and orally presenting ideas. |
| What are the eight steps of presentational speaking? | Select a topic, identify purpose, develop central idea, generate main ideas, gather supporting material, organize presentation, rehearse presentation, and deliver presentation. |
| What is speaker anxiety? | Anxiety about public speaking is manifested in physiological symptoms. |
| What is illusion of transparency? | The mistaken belief that the physical manifestations of a speaker's nervousness are apparent to an audience. |
| What is habituation? | Process of becoming more comfortable as you speak. |
| What is systematic desensitization? | Anxiety management strategy that includes general relaxation techniques and visualization process. |
| What is performance visualization? | Anxiety management strategy that involves viewing a videotape of a successful presentation and imaging oneself delivering that presentation. |
| Define general purpose. | Broad reason for giving a presentation; to inform, persuade, or to entertain. |
| Define specific purpose. | Concise statement of what listeners should be able to do by the time the speaker finishes the presentation. |
| Define central idea. | Definitive point about a topic. |
| What is a declarative sentence? | A complete sentence that makes a statement as opposed to asking a question. |
| Define main idea. | Subdivisions of the central idea of a presentation that provide detailed points to focus for developing the presentation. |
| What are ways you can organize your main ideas? | Chronologically, topically, spatially, cause-and-effect, and problem and solution. |
| Define inform. | To share information with others to enhance their knowledge or understanding of the information concepts, and ideas you present. |
| What is cognitive dissonance? | Sense of mental disorganization or imbalance that may prompt a person to change when new information conflicts with previously organized thought patterns. |
| What is the elaboration likelihood model (ELM)? | Contemporary theory that people can be persuaded both indirectly and directly. |
Created by:
lextron
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