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AP World Chapter 35

Ap World History - Summerville High School

TermDefinition
Pacific Rim region of Japan, South Korea, Singapore, Hong Kong, Taiwan; rapid economic growth, expanding exports, and industrialization; Chinese/ influenced by Confucian values; reliance on government planning and direction, limitations on dissent and instability.
Taiwan island off the Chinese mainland that became the refuge for Chiang Kai-shek’s Guomindang regime; maintained independence with U.S. support; rapidly industrialized after the 1950s.
Liberal Democratic Party moderate political party that monopolized Japanese governments from 1955 into the 1990s.
Republic of Korea southern half of Korea, occupied by the United States after World War II; developed parliamentary institutions under authoritarian rulers; underwent major industrial and economic growth after the 1950s.
People’s Democratic Republic of Korea northern half of Korea, dominated by U.S.S.R. after World War II; formed a communist dictatorship under Kim Il-Song; attacked South Korea to begin the Korean War.
Korean War fought from 1950 to 1953 between North Korea and its Soviet and Chinese allies and South Korea and United Nations’ forces directed by the United States; ended in stalemate.
Hong Kong British colony in China; became a major commercial and industrial center; returned to China in 1997.
Hyundai major Korean industrial giant; typical of firms producing Korea’s economic miracle.
Chiang Ching-kuo son and successor of Chiang Kai-shek as ruler of Taiwanese government in 1978; continued authoritarian government; attempted to reduce gap between followers of his father and indigenous islanders.
Lee Kuan Yew authoritarian ruler of Singapore for three decades from 1959; presided over major economic development.
People’s Republic of China communist China; founded in 1949 by Mao Zedong.
Lin Bao one of Mao Zedong’s military associates.
party cadres basis of China’s communist government organization; cadre advisors were attached to military contingents at all levels.
People’s Liberation Army military and dominant arm of the communist structure in China.
Mass Line economic policy of Mao Zedong inaugurated in 1955; led to formation of agricultural cooperatives that then became farming collectives in 1956; peasants lost land gained a few years earlier.
Great Leap Forward economic policy of Mao Zedong introduced in 1958; proposed small-scale industrialization projects integrated into peasant communities; led to economic disaster and ended in 1960.
pragmatists Chinese communist politicians determined to restore state direction and market incentives at the local level; opposed the Great Leap Forward.
Zhou Enlai premier of China from 1954; notable as perhaps the most cosmopolitan and moderate of the inner circle Communist leaders.
Liu Shaoqui Chinese communist pragmatist; with Deng Xiaoping, came to power in 1959 after Mao was replaced; purged in 1966 as Mao returned to power.
Deng Xiaoping one of the more pragmatic, least ideological of the major Communist leaders of China; emerged as China’s most influential leader in the early 1980s.
Jiang Qing wife of Mao Zedong; one of the Gang of Four; opposed pragmatists and supported the Cultural Revolution; arrested and imprisoned for life in 1976.
Cultural Revolution initiated by Mao Zedong in 1965 to restore his dominance over the pragmatists; disgraced and even killed bureaucrats and intellectuals; called off in 1968.
Red Guard student brigades active during the Cultural Revolution in support of Mao Zedong’s policies.
Gang of Four Jiang Qing and her allies who opposed the pragmatists after the death of Mao Zedong; arrested and sentenced to life in prison.
Tayson Rebellion peasant revolution in southern Vietnam during the 1770s; toppled the Nguyen and the Trinh dynasties.
Nguyen Anh (Gia Long) with French support, unified Vietnam under the Nguyen dynasty in 1802, with the capital at Hue.
Minh Mang second ruler of united Vietnam (1802–1841); emphasized Confucianism and persecuted Catholics.
Vietnamese Nationalist Party (VNQDD) middle-class revolutionary organization during the 1920s; committed to the violent overthrow of French colonialism; crushed by the French.
Communist Party of Vietnam the primary nationalist party after the defeat of the VNQDD in 1929; led from 1920s by Ho Chi Minh.
Ho Chi Minh (Nguyen Ai Quoc) shifted to a revolution based on the peasantry in the 1930s; presided over the defeat of France in 1954 and the unsuccessful U.S. intervention in Vietnam.
Viet Minh Communist Vietnamese movement; fought the Japanese during Word War II and the French afterward.
Vo Nguyen Giap military commander of the Viet Minh and the victor at Dien Bien Phu in 1954.
Dien Bien Phu most significant victory of the Viet Minh over French colonial forces in 1954; gave the Viet Minh control of northern Vietnam.
Ngo Dinh Diem became president of South Vietnam with U.S. support in the 1950s; overthrown by the military with U.S. approval.
Viet Cong the communist guerrilla movement in South Vietnam during the Vietnamese war.
Created by: amygilstrap7
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