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Oceanogrphy Chap 11

QuestionAnswer
What is the deepest layer of the Earth? Inner Core
What is the top layer of the Earth? Crust
The uppermost solid portion of the mantle and the crust Lithosphere
The type of rock that forms from compressed organic and inorganic particles. Sedimentary
What principle relates to the theory that the lithosphere floats on the asthenosphere? Archimedes' Principle
The balance between the weight and the bouyancy of the crust. Isostatic equilibrium
How do landmasses restore balance when isostatic equilibrium is disrupted? By rising or falling along a fault
The theory that all continents came from one landmass and drifted apart? Continental drift
The single continent with a single sea that broke apart? Pangaea
The name of Pangaea's single sea? Panthalassa
Evidence Wegener used to support the theory of continental drift. Shape of continents, coal in Antartica, and distribution of fossils
Why was Wagener's theory of continental drift not widely accepted? It did not explain what forces could move continents
How has sonar contributed to information about the ocean's bottom? Enables mapping of the bottom terrain
An underwater mountain range Mid-ocean ridge
Runs through the center of a Mid-ocean ridge Rift valley
New seafloor emerges from where and how? Rift valley from magma pushing up from the asthenospehere
What evidence do we have about the seafloor spreading? Pattern of sediment layers, dating of seafloor rocks, and magnetic patterns found on the seafloor
Plates that float on the lithosphere? Plate tetonics
Mid-ocean ridges, rift valleys, and trenches mark what? boundaries between tetonic plates
When plates spread apart? divergent boundary
When plates collide? Convergent boundary
Plates slide by each other? Transform boundary
local rising of a column of magma that does not move with the plate above it? Hot spot
Primary force that causes plates to move Convection
In a million years, a new ocean will form in the East Africa rift valley due to? Plate tectonics
Created by: FordLCHS
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