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SCIENCE: Key of life
Learning goals for year 10 science
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Karyotype | The number and visual appearance of the chromosomes in the cell nuclei of an organism or species. |
Genotype | The genetic constitution of an individual organism. Often contrasted with phenotype. |
Phenotype | The set of observable characteristics of an individual resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment. |
Mutations | The changing of the structure of a gene. |
Mitosis | A type of cell division that results in two daughter cells each having the same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent nucleus, typical of ordinary tissue growth. |
Meiosis | A type of cell division that results in four daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell, as in the production of gametes and plant spores |
Recessive | Genetics relating to or denoting heritable characteristics controlled by genes which are expressed in offspring only when inherited from both parents. Often contrasted with dominant. |
Monohybrid | A hybrid that is heterozygous with respect to a specified gene. |
Mendelian | A person who accepts or advocates Mendel's theory of heredity. |
Polygenic | Relating to or determined by polygenes |
Chromosomes | A thread-like structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes. |
Autosomal | Any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome. |