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Imperialism - Talbot

Imperialism key concepts

TermDefinition
balance of power a political policy in which countries attempt to preserve peace by keeping an equal military and economic status.
Berlin Conference (1884-1885) various European leaders met in Berlin, Germany to discuss plans for dividing Africa peacefully. These leaders had little regard for African independence, and had no representation for native Africans.
Boxer Rebellion (1900) A rebellion by the people of China to end foreign domination.
Boers War (1899-1902) War between Great Britain and the Boers in South Africa over control of rich mining country. Great Britain won and created the Union of South Africa comprised of all the South African colonies.
British East India Company A joint stock company that controlled most of India during the period of imperialism. This company controlled the political, social, and economic life in India for more than 200 years.
colonialism The policy of maintaining colonies as a source of raw materials and new markets. Practiced during old and new imperialism.
cultural diffusion The spreading of ideas through contact such as trade or war.
Dutch East Indies A group of islands in South East Asia claimed by the Dutch during Imperialism.
extraterritoriality A policy that guaranteed European citizens in China were only subject to the laws of their own nation and could only be tried by their own courts.
Famine Widespread hunger caused by the near complete lack of food.
foreign policy A nation’s actions regarding how they treat other nations.
Imperialism The complete control of a weaker nation’s social, economic, and political life by a stronger nation.
industrialization The change to industrial methods of production such as the use of factories.
Joint Stock Company A company that sells shares to investors who share in the profits and losses.
Market economy An economy based on free trade and supply and demand.
Mercantilism The policy of building a nation's wealth by exporting more goods than it imports. Colonies are instrumental in this policy as they supply their parent nations with raw materials that are used to produce finished goods, and then exported back to the coloni
Missionary A person who spreads the teachings of a religion.
Nationalism Pride in one’s country or culture, often excessive in nature.
Natural Resources Various materials found in nature used in manufacturing such as wood, coal, and oil.
Natural Rights Concept of John Locke’s that states all people have the right to life, liberty, and property.
New Imperialism A policy of economic, political, and social of one country by another. Industrialized countries sought control of other countries for raw materials and new markets.
Protectorate A country or region that is controlled by a more powerful country.
Raw Materials Various materials found in nature used in manufacturing such as wood, coal, and oil.
Scramble For Africa term given for the rapid invasion of Africa by the various European powers. This began imperialism in Africa.
Sepoy Mutiny (1857-1859) A revolt by the hired Hindu and Muslim soldiers of the British East India Company. It began as a result of the rifle cartridges that were distributed to the Sepoys had to be bitten to remove a cover before being inserted into a gun. Rumors cir
Social Darwinism A social theory which states that the level a person rises to in society and wealth is determined by their genetic background.
Spheres of Influence An area of one country under the control of another. In China, these areas guaranteed specific trading privileges to each imperialist nation within its respective sphere.
Suez Canal A canal linking the Red Sea to the Mediterranean Sea. It was a vital trade route in the British Empire during imperialism, and continues to link North Africa and Europe to Asia today.
Taiping Rebellion ( 1850-1864) A revolt by the people of China against the ruling Manchu Dynasty because of their failure to deal effectively with the opium problem and the interference of foreigners.
Treaty of Nanjing (1842) An unequal treaty between Great Britain and China resulting from the Opium War. The Chinese were forced to open several ports to British trade, provide Britain with complete control of Hong Kong, and grant extraterritoriality to British citizens.
Westernization to adopt western ideas and culture.
The White Man's Burden A poem by Rudyard Kipling. Name given to the idea that the culture of the native populations inferior to western nations and it was the duty of imperializing nations to bring western culture and sensibility to the savage natives.
Created by: Mr. Talbot
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