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EAHS APHG Religion

These are the key terms to know for Chapter 6 of Rubenstein

TermDefinition
RELIGION The belief in and worship of a superhuman controlling power, especially a personal God or gods.
BELIEF SYSTEM An alternate term some academics use in place of "religion"
UNIVERSALIZING RELIGIONS These religions accept followers from anywhere in the world with no restrictions.
ETHNIC RELIGIONS These religions have a membership confined to a certain ethnic or cultural group.
SCRIPTURE All organized religions have a written source of wisdom said to be of divine origin.
DOCTRINE A formal set of rules governing religious practice, worship, and behavior in society
DENOMINATIONS Branches of a religion which agree in general, but disagree on certain aspects of doctrine to the point of worshipping
COMPROMISING RELIGIONS These readily reform their religious practices or integrate the doctrines of other faiths into their own.
FUNDAMENTALIST RELIGIONS These are very rigid and do not compromise on doctrine. They strictly follow their scripture.
ANIMIST TRADITION Various ethnic, tribal, and forms of nature worship. Tradition is named for the Latin word for spirit.
HINDU-BUDDHIST TRADITION Includes the oldest universalizing religion and are polytheistic in nature. Reincarnation and the search for nirvana are common threads among these religions.
MONOTHEISM Belief in only one supreme being (deity)
POLYTHEISM Belief in multiple supreme beings (deities)
NIRVANA The highest state of consciousness in Hindu-Buddhist traditions characterized by total enlightenment
ABRAHAMIC TRADITION Includes Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Shares similar scripture concerning creation, the story of Abraham, and the prophecy of a coming messiah. All are monotheistic.
SYNCRETIC RELIGIONS The combination of multiple religions into a single faith. Could be described as "hybrid faiths".
THEOCRACY Form of government where religious leaders have ultimate control over society
SECULARISM Government is separated from religion and is controlled by a legal system free from religious control.
SHARIA Islamic law based on the Koran and Haddith used in certain theocracies in the Middle East
SHAMANS Practitioners who serve as spiritual interpreters of the universe in Animist religions with no written scripture
CASTE SYSTEM Hierarchical social system governed by religious beliefs in things such as reincarnation, karma, and chakras and determined by birth
IMAMS Spiritual leaders in the Muslim faith
SUNNI Denomination of Islam containing 85% of all Muslims. Saudi Arabia is an example of a country adhering to this denomination.
SHIA Denomination of Islam containing 15% of all Muslims. Iran is an example of a country belonging to this denomination.
Created by: brownfielde
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