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Lower Extremities

Origin Insertion

MuscleOriginInsertionActionNerve
Rectus Femoris Muscle Anterior inferior iliac spine Tibial tuberosity Hip flexion, knee extension Femoral nerve L2,L3,L4
Sartorius Muscle Anterior superior iliac spine Proximal medial aspect of tibia Combination of hip flexion, abduction, lateral rotation, and knee flexion Femoral nerve L2,L3
Pectineus Muscle Superior ramus of pubis Pectineal line of femur Hip flexion and adduction Femoral nerve L2,L3,L4
Adductor Longus Muscle Pubis Middle third of linea aspera Hip adduction Obturator nerve L3,L4
Adductor Brevis Muscle Pubis Pectineal line and proximal linea aspera Hip adduction Obturator nerve L3,L4
Adductor Magnus Muscle Ishium and pubis Entire linea aspera and adductor tubercle Hip adduction Obturator and sciatic nerves L3,L4
Gracilis Muscle Pubis Anterior medial surface of proximal end of tibia Hip adduction Obturator nerve L2,L3
Gluteus Maximus Muscle Posterior sacrum and ilium Posterior femur distal to greater trochanter and to iliotibial band Hip extension, hyperextension, and lateral rotation Inferior gluteal nerve L5,S1,S2
Deep Rotator Muscles Posterior sacrum, ischium, pubis Greater trochanter area Hip lateral rotation Numerous
Semimembranosus Muscle Ischial tuberosity Posterior surface of medial condyle of tibia Extend hip and flex knee Sciatic nerve L5,S1,S3
Semitendinosus Muscle Ischial tuberosity Anteromedial surface of proximal tibia Extend hip and flex knee Sciatic nerve L5,S1,S2
Biceps Femoris Muscle Long head: ischial tuberosityShort head: lateral lip of linea aspera Fibular head Long head: extend hip and flex kneeShort head: flex knee Long head: sciatic nerve S1,S2,S3Short head: common peronealnerve L5,S1,S2
Gluteus Medius Muscle Outer surface of the ilium Lateral surface of the greater trochanter Hip abduction Superior gluteal nerve L4,L5,S1
Gluteus Minimus Muscle Lateral ilium Anterior surface of the greater trochanter Hip abduction, medial rotation Superior gluteal nerve L4,L5,S1
Tensor Fascia Latae Muscle Anterior superior iliac spine Lateral condyle of tibia Combined hip flexion and abduction Superior gluteal nerve L4,L5
Vastus Lateralis Muscle Linea aspera Tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon Knee extension Femoral nerve L2,L3,L4
Vastus Medialis Muscle Linea aspera Tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon Knee extension Femoral nerve L2,L3,L4
Vastus Intermedialis Muscle Anterior femur Tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon Knee extension Femoral nerve L2,L3,L4
Popliteus Muscle Lateral condyle of femur Posterior medial condyle of tibia Initiates knee flexion Tibial nerve L4,L5,S1
Gastrocnemius Muscle Medial and lateral condyles of femur Posterior calcaneus Knee flexion, ankle plantar flexion Tibial nerve S1,S2
Soleus Muscle Posterior tibia and fibula Posterior calcaneus Ankle plantar flexion Tibial nerve S1,S2
Plantaris Muscle Posterior lateral condyle of femur Posterior calcaneus Very weak assist in knee flexion and ankle plantar flexion Tibial nerve L4,L5,S1
Tibialis Posterior Muscle Interosseous membrane, adjacent tibia and fibula Navicular and most tarsals and metatarsals Ankle inversion; assists in plantar flexion Tibial nerve L5,S1
Flexor Hallucis Longus Muscle Posterior fibula and interosseous membrane Distal phalanx of the great toe Flexes great toe; assists in inversion and plantar flexion of the ankle Tibial nerve L5,S1,S2
Flexor Digitorum Longus Muscle Posterior tibia Distal phalanx of four lesser toes Flexes the four lesser toes; assists in ankle inversion and plantar flexion of the ankle Tibial nerve L5,S1
Tibialis Anterior Muscle Lateral tibia and interosseous membrane First cuneiform and metatarsal Ankle inversion and dorsiflexion Deep peroneal nerve L4,L5,S1
Extensor Hallicis Longus Muscle Fibula and interosseous membrane Distal phalanx of great toe Extends first toe; assists in ankle inversion and dorsiflexion Deep peroneal nerve L4,L5,S1
Extensor Digitorum Longus Muscle Fibula, interosseous membrane, tibia Distal phalanx of four lessor toes Extends four lessor toes, assists in ankle dorsiflexion Deep peroneal nerve L4,L5,S1
Peroneus Longus Muscle Lateral proximal fibula and interosseous membrane Plantar surface of first cuneiform and metatarsal Ankle eversion; assists in ankle plantar flexion Superficial peroneal nerve L4,L5,S1
Peroneus Brevis Muscle Lateral distal fibula Base of fifth metatarsal Ankle eversion; assists in plantar flexion Superficial peroneal nerve L4,L5,S1
Peroneus Tertius Muscle Distal medial fibula Base of fifth metatarsal Assists in ankle eversion and dorsiflexion Deep peroneal nerve L4,L5,S1
Adductor Hallicis Muscle Medial plantar tibial L4,L5
Flexor Hallicis Brevis Medial plantar tibial L4,L5,S1
Flexor Digitorum Brevis Medial plantar tibial L4,L5
Lumbricales Medial 1 Muscle Medial plantar tibial L4,L5
Lumbricales Lateral 3 Muscle Lateral plantar tibial S1,S2
Abductor Digiti Minimi Lateral plantar tibial S1,S2
Quadratus Plantae Muscle Lateral plantar tibial S1,S2
Adductor Hallicis Muscle Lateral plantar tibial S1,S2
Flexor Digiti Minimi Lateral plantar tibial S1,S2
Dorsal interossei Muscle Lateral plantar tibial S1,S2
Plantar interossei Muscle Lateral plantar tibial S1,S2
Iliopsoas Muscle Iliac fossa, anterior and lateral surfaces of T12 through L5 Lesser trochanter Hip flexion Iliacus portion: Femoral nerve L2,L3Psoas major portion: Anterior Rami L2,L3
Created by: jablonski
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