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CNS Exam 2 Mash #2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| In general the deep nuclei of the cerebellum receive excitatory stimulation from _______ and inhibitory stimulation from _________. | Afferents to cerebellum Purkinje cells |
| [2] In the pathway for conscious vestibular awareness, the vestibular nuclei project to ________ | VPM nucleus of the thalamus |
| Fibers of the lateral lemniscus terminate on the ____________ | Inferior colliculi |
| LOW frequency sounds maximally stimulate the _________ end of the organ of Corti | Apical |
| Which area of the basilar membrane vibrates maximally to LOW frequency sounds? | Apical |
| Ganglion cells of the retina terminate on the _______ to affect circadian rhythms | Hypothalamus |
| Ganglion cells of the retina terminate on the __________ for endocrine response to light | Hypothalamus |
| Stimulation of area 8 on left side will cause the eyes to move ___________. | Right |
| List afferents to the Right pontocerebellum | LEFT pontine nuclei, inferior olivary nucleus, arcuate nucleus |
| Name all of the afferents to the LEFT dentate nucleus | LEFT pontine nuclei, inferior olivary nucleus, arcuate nucleus |
| List the afferents to LEFT fastigial nucleus from the brainstem | Vestibular nuclei (excitatory) |
| List the afferents to LEFT fastigial nucleus from outside the CNS | Vestibular apparatus (Excitatory) |
| List the afferents to LEFT fastigial nucleus from within the cerebellum | Purkinje (Inhibitory) |
| Coordination of head and eye movements is accomplished by communication between brainstem nuclei and the LMNs. Via which tracts are these connections made? | Medial vestibulospinal Medial longitudinal fasciculus |
| Explain how a brainstem lesion could result in an incomplete Horner’s syndrome | Interruption of fibers descending from hypothalamus to pre-ggl ∑ |
| A person presents with paralysis of the muscles of facial expression on the LOWER LEFT side of face a) most likely site of a lesion b) motor deficit would be likely c) what general sensory deficits, if any, would be possible d) what do you do? | a) cerebral cortex b) possibly upper L and R facial mm c) loss of taste to R anterior 2/3 of tongue d) send to ER |
| In general the RIGHT side of spinocerebellum receives input from the R/L side of the body and controls muscles on the R/L side of the body | Right Right |
| RIGHT sided hemiballismus suggests a lesion in the LEFT subthalamic nucleus (T or F) | True |
| In ascending reticular activating system (ARAS), the reticular nuclei Receive input from two major sources, name them. | Rostral and caudal nucleus solitarius |
| In ascending reticular activating system (ARAS), the reticular nuclei: Project to several functional thalamic groups, name major one. | Limbic projection group of thalamus |
| Inactivation of ARAS nuclei in midbrain would result in _______ | Unconsciousness (coma) |
| In ARAS, what are two major sources of input to reticular nuclei? | Rostral and caudal nucleus solitarius |
| What nucleus forms the paleostriatum? | Globus Pallidus |
| [3] Describe the functional lobe of the cerebellum described. Receives afferents from the lateral cuneate nucleus. A. Vestibulocerebellum B. Spinocerebellum C. Pontocerebellum | Spinocerebellum |
| A person has a vascular lesion which gives signs and symptoms of both basal nuclear and pontocerebellar dysfunctions. Give the site of lesion. | Anterior limb of internal capsule |
| [3] A patient has an inability to smile on the R side. If this is accompanied by an inability to close the eyes tightly where is the lesion. R peripheral facial nerve L peripheral facial nerve R lateral cerebral cortex L lateral cerebral cortex | R peripheral facial nerve |
| [2] Patient has an inability to smile on the R side. Which general sensory deficits would be expected. Decreased pain over the R cheek Decreased pain over the L cheek Decreased pain in the R arm Decreased pain over the L arm None above | None above |
| [3] A patient has an inability to smile on the R side. What other deficits may be present. | Decreased salivation and decreased taste sensation |
| [3] A patient has an inability to smile on the R side. If the ability to close eyes is normal what location is most likely? R peripheral facial nerve L peripheral facial nerve R lateral cerebral cortex L lateral cerebral cortex | L lateral cerebral cortex |
| [2] A patient has an inability to smile on the R side. Which of the following sensory deficits are expected. Decreased pain over the R cheek Decreased pain over the L cheek Decreased pain in R arm Decreased pain over the L arm None of the above | Decreased pain over the R cheek |
| [2] What sensory epithelium responds to rotary movements of the head? | Crista ampullaris |
| Name the cranial nerve nuclei described. Innervates muscles derived from Arch II | Facial Motor |
| Name the cranial nerve nuclei described. Receives afferents from the tongue. | Solitarius, Superior part |
| Name the cranial nerve nuclei described. Terminates on inferior colliculus. | Cochlear nuclei, dorsal and ventral |
| A patient is unable to smile on the L side but can close the eyes normally. Which deficits would also be present? Weakness of mm of mastification on R Weakness of R tongue Weakness of L tongue Horner's syndrome Recpetive aphasia | Weakness of L tongue and receptive aphasia |
| Name the functional lobe of the cerebellum described. Affects lower motor via the medial longitudinal fasciculus. Vestibulocerebellum Spinocerebellum Pontocerebellum | Spinocerebellum |
| [2] Name the functional lobe of the cerebellum described. Efferent fibers decussate in the superior cerebellar peduncle. Vestibulocerebellum Spinocerebellum Pontocerebellum | Pontocerebellum and spinocerebellum |
| Name the functional lobe of the cerebellum described. Functions may be affected by a lesion in the internal capsule. Vestibulocerebellum Spinocerebellum Pontocerebellum | Vestibulocerebellum |
| Name the functional lobe of the cerebellum described.Roughly equivalent to the archicerebellum Vestibulocerebellum Spinocerebellum Pontocerebellum | vestibulocerebellum |
| Involuntary movements of the tongue and face induced by antipsychotic drugs. | tardive dyskinesia |
| Describe the functional region of the cerebellum described. Deep nucleus receives inhibitory afferents from the cortex. Vestibulocerebellum Spinocerebellum Ponotocerebellum | Vestibulocerebellum Spinocerebellum Ponotocerebellum (ALL) |
| Describe the functional region of the cerebellum described. Afferent relay vast amounts of information from the contralateral cerebral cortex Vestibulocerebellum Spinocerebellum Ponotocerebellum | Pontocerebellum |
| In the basic auditory pathway, the right inferior colliculus projects to the __________. | Right medial geniculate |
| Name the cranial nerve nuclei described. Parasympathetics to the ileum | Dorsal motor nucleus |
| Name the cranial nerve nuclei described. Sensory nuclei supplied by the posterior inferior cerebellar artery. | Oculomotor |
| Name the cranial nerve nuclei described. Supplied by the anterior spinal artery. | Hypoglossal |
| Vestibular nuclei receive afferents from _________ via the vestibular nerve (be very specific) | Maculae and crista ampullaris |
| Vestibular nuclei receive afferents from _________ via the medial longitudinal fasciculus | Extraocular nuclei |
| Vestibular nuclei receive afferents from _________ via the inferior cerebellar peduncle | Fastigial |
| Vestibular nuclei project to the __________ via the medial longitudinal fasciculus | Nuclei of CN III, IV, VI |
| Vestibular nuclei project to the __________ via the inferior cerebellar peduncle | Fastigial nucleus |
| Name the cranial nerve nuclei described. Parasympathetic fibers innervate the parotid gland. | Inferior salivatory |
| Name the cranial nerve nuclei described. Innervates the right superior rectus. | L occulomotor nucleus |
| Name the cranial nerve nuclei described. Efferent fibers join the vagus nerve | Nucleus ambiguous Dorsla motor nucleus of X |
| [2] Name the cranial nerve nuclei described. Receives afferents from the inferior ggl of glossopharyngeal nerve. | nucleus solitarius Rostral and Caudal portions |
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