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Unit 7 Review
Unit 7 Renaissance, Reformation, Scientific Revolution SSWH9 background Topic 10
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What factors led to the birth of the Renaissance in Italy? | wealthy merchant class, strong cit-states, reminders of Roman glory days |
| Which city-state was at the center of the Renaissance? | Florence |
| Why was Leonardo da Vinci considered a Renaissance man? | He was a skilled master of many fields. |
| Why did the Renaissance occur much later in Northern Europe than it did in Italy? | The plague delayed its spread northward. |
| From the study of what two cultures did humanism arise? | Greece and Rome |
| On what type of subjects did humanists focus because of their study of classical texts? | individual achievements and human potential |
| Why did some people push for reform of the Church? | church leaders become corrupt, priest broke vows, and selling of indulgences. |
| What were the teachings of Martin Luther? | Salvation by faith alone; Bible is sole source of religious truth; all people have equal access to God. |
| What was John Calvin’s major teaching? | predestination |
| How did the Catholic Church respond to the Protestant Reformation? | at first ignored calls for reform, then Council of Trent clarified church doctrine, Jesuits opened schools to teach catholic doctrine and the Inquisition punished those who taught different ideas |
| What was an immediate result of the Protestant Reformation? | end of religious unity in Western Europe; more than a century of religious wars |
| What agreement was made at the Council of Trent? | The church's interpretation of the Bible was final. The Bible and church traditions have equal authority. |
| Why did Henry VII split from the Roman Catholic Church? | He wanted a divorce and the pope refused to grant it. |
| What role did Elizabeth I have in the English Reformation? | She founded the Anglican church through compromises to satisfy both Puritans and Catholics. |
| What was the significance of the Act of Supremacy? | This law made the monarch the head of the Church of England. |
| What was the first full-length book printed by Gutenberg? | the Holy Bible |
| What were the effects of the invention of the printing press? | increased availability of books, decreased cost of books, increased literacy, increased research; rapid spread of new ideas, increased challenges to old authorities |
| Who developed the heliocentric theory? | Nicolas Copernicus |
| Who formulated the laws of motion and gravity? | Isaac Newton |
| Who used the telescope to support the heliocentric theory? | Galileo |
| Who discovered the circulation of the blood in human bodies? | William Harvey |
| Who discovered planetary motion using observation data and mathematical formulas? | Johannes Kepler |
| How did the scientific method change the way people viewed the world? | People began to do research hand acquire data about natural occurrences rather than rely on traditional beliefs |
| Which two thinkers are considered the fathers of the modern scientific method? | Sir Francis Bacon and Rene Descartes |
| How did the scientific revolution affect traditional views of philosophy, government and religion? | It promoted the use of reason and experiments to discover truths and the use of democratic ideals in government, but it decreased faith in the authority of the Catholic church |
Created by:
rblakecchs
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