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Science Vocab Words

QuestionAnswer
Atmosphere The envelope of gases surrounding the earth or another planet.
Stratosphere the layer of the earth's atmosphere above the troposphere, extending to about 32 miles above the earth's surface (the lower boundary of the mesosphere).
Troposphere the lowest region of the atmosphere, extending from the earth's surface to a height of about 3.7–6.2 miles
Thermosphere The thermosphere is characterized throughout by an increase in temperature with height.
Air pressure force exerted by the weight of the air.
Radiation The transfer of energy as electromagnetic waves.
Thermal conduction The transfer of energy as heat through a material.
Convection The transfer of thermal energy by the circulation or movement of a liquid or gas.
Global warming A gradual increase in average global temperature.
Greenhouse effect The warming in the surface and lower atmosphere of earth that occurs when water vapor, carbon dioxide, and other gases that absorb and reradiate thermal energy.
Wind The movement of air caused by differences in air pressure.
Coriolis effect The apparent curving of the path of a moving object from an otherwise straight path due to the earths rotation.
Westerlies Prevailing winds that blow from west to east between 30* and 60* latitude in both hemispheres.
Trade winds Prevailing winds that blow northeast from 30* north latitude from the equator and that blow southeast from 30* south latitude to the equator.
Polar easterlies Prevailing winds that blow form east to west between 60* and 90* latitude in both hemisphere.
Jet stream a narrow, variable band of very strong, predominantly westerly air currents encircling the globe several miles above the earth. There are typically two or three jet streams in each of the northern and southern hemispheres.
Air pollution the presence in or introduction into the air of a substance which has harmful or poisonous effects.
Acid precipitation Acid rain is a rain or any other form of precipitation that is unusually acidic, meaning that it possesses elevated levels of hydrogen ions (low pH). It can have harmful effects on plants, aquatic animals and infrastructure.
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