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what is A&P?
Question | Answer |
---|---|
anatomy | the study of the structure and shape of the body and body parts and their relationship to one another; location |
physiology | the study of how the body and its parts work or function |
8 characteristics of life | movement, responsiveness, growth, maintaining boundaries, reproduction, excretion, digestion, metabolism |
vital signs | pulse - 50-80bpm at rest, body temp - 98.6, brainwave activity - EEG, breathing, reflexes - response to pain, muscular movements |
needs of organisms | water, food, oxygen, heat, pressure |
survivability | 4-7 w/o fresh water, 7-14 days w/o food (1 month), no longer than 3-10 min w/o oxygen, death @ above 106*F and below 0 temps after a few hours, 3-10 minutes w/o air pressure |
homeostasis | water and oxygen, blood sugar level, body temperature, hydrostatic pressure (BP) |
negative bio-feedback | causes stimulus to shut off |
positive bio-feedback | increase the disturbance CHILD BIRTH |
levels of organization | atoms, molecules, macromolecules, organelles, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organisms |
body cavities | axial - head, neck, torso appendicular - arms and legs |
dorsal | "back" |
ventral | "front" |
11 organ systems | integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous, endocrine, cardiovascular, lymphatic, respiratory, digestive, urinary, reproductive |
sagittal plane | lengthwise cut |
transverse plane | horizontal cut |
frontal plane | cut to where there is a front and back side |
superior | above |
inferior | below |
anterior | front |
posterior | back |
medial | midline |
lateral | side |
proximal | closer to point of attachment |
distal | farther from point of attachment |
superficial | surface |
deep | internal |
abdominal | anterior body trunk inferior to ribs |
acromial | point of shoulder |
antecubital | anterior surface of elbow |
axillary | armpit |
brachial | arm |
buccal | cheek area |
carpal | wrist |
cervical | neck region |
coxal | hip |
crural | leg |
digital | fingers, toes |
femoral | thigh |
fibular | lateral part of leg |
ingunal | area where thing meets body trunk; groin |
nasal | nose area |
patellar | anterior knee |
pelvic | area overlying the pelvis anteriorly |
pubic | genital region |
sternal | breastbone area |
tarsal | ankle region |
thoracic | chest |
umbilical | navel |
cephalic | head |
deltoid | curve of shoulder formed by the large deltoid muscle |
gluteal | buttock |
lumbar | area of back between ribs and hips |
occipital | posterior surface to head |
popliteal | posterior surface head |
sacral | areas between hips |
scapular | shoulder blade region |
sural | the posterior surface of lower leg; the calf vertebral - area of spine |