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psychology un3 ch10
strengths and limitations of theories of forgetting
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Decay theory | The theory that memory traces (biological changes) will weaken and disappear if not revisited (LTM). This also applies to sensory memory - decay occurs rapidly and in STM if maintenance rehearsal does not occur. |
| Forgetting | The inability to retrieve information; may refer to short-term or long-term memory. |
| Forgetting curve | A graph showing loss of memory over time. |
| Interference | Difficulties in retrieving information from memory, caused by other material learned either previously (pro-active interference) or subsequently (retro-active interference). |
| Interference theory | A theory of forgetting where one memory is interfered with by another memory. |
| Motivated forgetting | (suppression and repression) occurs when a person has a reason to forget. |
| Proactive interference | When previously learnt material inhibits our ability to encode and store new material. |
| Repression | A psychological process which automatically and unconsciously prevents emotionally distressing memories from coming into our conscious awareness. |
| Retrieval failure theory | Inability to retrieve material due to an absence of the right cues or a failure to use them. |
| Retroactive interference | When newly acquired material inhibits our ability to retrieve previously learned material. |
| Suppression | (motivated forgetting) conscious refusal to allow memories to occur. |
| Tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon | The feeling that something we know is just not available to be recalled from memory. An indication that some forgetting is due to retrieval failure. |
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