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Science 7 ch. 20

Chapter 20 Ecology

TermDefinition
ecology the study of all the interactions between living and non-living things on our planet.
ecologist a person that studies ecosystems
ecosystem all of the living things and non-living things in a given area example: pond, forest, prairie
biotic factors living things in an ecosystem example: plants, animals, bacteria
abiotic factors non-living things in an ecosystem example: sun, temperature, water, rocks, air
population all the organisms in an ecosystem that belong to the same species
community all of the different populations in an ecosystem (all living things)
habitat the place where each organism in an ecosystem lives
niche ways that living things obtain energy
producer/autotroph organisms that make their own food from sunlight to get energy example: plants, algea, plant-like, blue-green bacteria
consumer/heterotroph organisms that eat other organisms to get energy (can be herbivore, carnivore or omnivore)
decomposer/saprophyte/detritivore organisms that feed on dead things, recycling nutrients back into the soil/water. example: fungi, bacteria
food chain a diagram of the feeding relationship in an ecosystem
food web diagram showing all of the possible feeding relationships among the organisms in a community. Is made of many different food chains ( arrows point in the direction of the energy flow)
energy pyramid shows the amount of energy available at each feeding or trophic level *less energy is available for comsumers at each higher trophic level
limiting factors anything that restricts the number of individuals in a population. (includes both living and non-living factors)
carrying capacity the largest number of individuals of one species that an ecosystem can support
Created by: HOMSSeminar
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