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#lpeleap Chapter 9
Development Across the Lifespan
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Accomondation | involves altering one's existing schemas, or ideas, as a result of new information or new experiences. |
Assimilation | we take in new information or experiences and incorporate them into our existing ideas. |
Autism | a mental condition, present from early childhood, characterized by difficulty in communicating and forming relationships with other people and in using language and abstract concepts. |
Concrete operational stage | In Piaget's stages of cognitive development, the concrete operational stage is a period between ages seven and eleven during which children gain a better understanding of mental operations. |
Egocentrism | having or regarding the self or the individual as the center of all things: an egocentric philosophy that ignores social causes. |
Formal operational stage | At this point, the person is capable of hypothetical and deductive reasoning. |
Habituation | the diminishing of a physiological or emotional response to a frequently repeated stimulus. |
Identity | a person's conception and expression of their individuality or group affiliations. |
Longitudinal study | is a correlational research study that involves repeated observations of the same variables over long periods of time — often many decades. It is a type of observational study. |
Menarche | the first occurrence of menstruation. |
Preoperational stage | associated primarily with the development of logic and the coordination between means and ends. This is an extremely important stage of development, holding what Piaget calls the "first proper intelligence". |
Primary sex characteristics | body structures that are specific to sex. |
Secondary sex characteristics | physical features other than reproductive orgrans that distinguish men from women. |
Self-concept | image that we have of ourselves. This image is formed in a number of ways, but is particularly influenced by our interactions with important people in our lives. |
Sensorimotor stage | Piaget designated the first two years of an infants lifeas |
Social learning theory | draws heavily on the concept of modeling, or learning by observing a behavior |
Teratogens | an agent or factor that causes malformation of an embryo. |
Mary Ainsworth | known for her work in early emotional attachment with the Strange situation design, as well as her work in the development of attachment theory. |
Diana Baumrind | parenting styles and for her critique of deception in psychological research. |
Carol Gilligan | work with and against Lawrence Kohlberg on ethical community and ethical relationships, and certain subject-object problems in ethics. |
Harry Harrlow | caring for infant rhesus monkeys further inspired Harlow, and ultimately led to some of his best known experiments: the surrogate mothers. |
Lawrence Kohlberg | heory of stages of moral development. |
Konrad Lorenz | He shared the 1973 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Nikolaas Tinbergen and Karl von Frisch. |
Jean Piaget | epistemological studies with children. His theory of cognitive development and epistemological view are together called "genetic epistemology" |
Lev Vygotsky | developed a sociocultural theory of child development designed to account for the influence of culture on a child's growth and development. |